HR-Faculty of Business Environment and Society Essay

HR-Faculty of Business Environment and Society - Essay Example The multinational corporations operate from their branches and headquarters spread all over the world to expand and enlarge their reach worldwide. And all these initiatives by the business firms have been supported and encouraged by the gifts of modern technology. This global presence of companies is essentially accompanied by the global presence of their human resource or rather the presence of a workforce that comprises people from different parts of the world. The functions of human resource management become more varied and complex when employees are located around the world. Apart from the factors such as technology, economic systems, legal frameworks and industrial relations, the cultural factors also assume great importance in the managing of a global workforce. And the most prominent manifestation of the cultural challenge is the diversity of modern workforce. The US workforce, for instance, has been increasing day by day in terms of its diversity. More and more women are joi ning the workforce. The majority of the existing workforce is gradually nearing old age. The number of immigrants has increased manifold over the past few years. People from different racial and religious background have come to form a part of the ever-increasing workforce of the USA, thus adding to its ethnic diversity. Thus the human resource in all transnational business endeavors has become increasingly diverse in terms of age, gender, ethnicity, culture, political views, physical abilities and psychological orientation. This paper aims to explore the different styles of managing and leading such a diverse workforce in the light of international human resource management. The term diversity used with respect to a workforce simply implies that the working population at the workplace is a heterogeneous mix of people in terms of age, gender, race, religion, culture, education, physical abilities and psychological make-up.

Complexometric Determination Essay Example for Free

Complexometric Determination Essay Introduction Using a Lewis base neutral molecule to donate electron pairs (ligands) to a Lewis acid metal ion center to form a single cluster (complex) ion. When the complex ions forms with a metal ion (chelation) the ligand used is called the (chelating agent). EDTA acts as a great chelating agent due to the Nitrogen and Oxygen donating an electron pair to the metal ion center to form an octahedral complex. The metal ions especially with a +2 charge or higher are the reason for water hardness to form on various objects known as â€Å"scum†. Calcium ions are typically the most common contributing factor for water hardness so this experiment uses CaCO3 (Calcium Carbonate) to analyze the hardness of an unknown sample. A scale of water hardness identifies â€Å"soft† water with a value less than 60 ppm (parts per million) and â€Å"hard† water with a value more than 200 ppm. 3 mL of ammonia/ammonium chloride buffer (pH 10) is added to the mixture prior to the titration to capture the calcium metal ions so the indicator can work properly. The experiment adds 4 drops of Eriochrome Black T as the indicator to visually see the color change as complexes are formed and the solution undergoes chelation of metal impurities. The color change from indicator starts as pink and changes to a violet then light blue color to signify the chemical phase changes throughout the reaction until the endpoint. 3 titrations are experimentally conducted to calculate the mean average of the Na2 EDTA for experimental accuracy. The EDTA mean average is then used to calculate the water hardness of an unknown water sample (#97) using 3 more titrations to calculate a mean average of the unknown water sample. An absolute deviation is calculated for each titration experiment to calculate the experimental estimated precision. The final experimental result is then compared to the city of Tempe standard for water hardness and acceptable standards. Principle (Spurlock, 2014) (Spurlock, 2014) â€Å"A complex ion is an ion containing a central metal cation bonded to one or more molecules or ions† (Chang, 2013). Just like complex ions, a ligand is a molecule or ion that is bonded to the metal ion in a complex ion (Chang, 2013). A chelating agent is a substance that forms complex ions with metal ions in a solution (Chang, 2013). The process of the chelating agent forming is called chelation. E.D.T.A. (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) is a common chelating agent that will be used in this experiment to chelate the metal ions. Tetraamminecopper (II) [Cu(NH3)4]2+ will be the complex ion in this lab experiment. In chapter 11.1-3 the â€Å"Kinetic Molecular Theory† is being tested in this experiment (Chang, 2013). Solids are denser than liquids and allow very little empty space to exist between molecules limiting the freedom of motion. The liquids are less dense than solids, held closely together with little space between molecules (less than solids), however, the mo lecules in liquid do not break away from the attractive forces allowing them to move past each other freely. Gases are the least dense and have the largest amount of distance between molecules allowing them to move around more freely. According to the theory, the experimental Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen and Oxygen ions are able to quickly attract and find the metal ion in the liquid by donating their electron pair to the metal ion center creating the complex. These complex ions in the experiment use intermolecular and intramolecular forces to break and hold chemical bonds thru the experimental process of chelation to identify the hardness of the unknown sample. After the reaction is complete, when evaporation and or vaporization of the liquid and gas in the molecules is separated the remaining metal impurities known as â€Å"scum† are left. In chapter 4.1 hydration is used to orient the negative poles of the diatomic gases to the positive pole of the Hydrogen and metal impurities in the solution creation the complex cluster. Chapter 4 is also used for titration of redox reactions using a standard solution (Na2 EDTA) to add into another solution of unknown concentration (unknown sample + ammonia/ammonium  chloride buffer + Eriochrome Black T) until the equivalence point is reached (has fully reacted) as visually identified by the indicators (Eriochrome Black T) from the color change of pink to violet to blue. Procedure 1. â€Å"Prepare about 500mL of approximately 0.004M disodium EDTA solution. To prepare your solution, weigh out 0.7-0.8g of Na2EDTA and dissolve in about 500mL deionized water in your plastic bottle. Seal the bottle and shake vigorously for a few minutes to dissolve the salt. 2. Standardize the Na2EDTA solution using a stock calcium ion solution as the primary standard: a. Use a 10-mL transfer pipet to add 10.00 mL of standardized calcium ion stock solution (1.000g CaCO3/L solution) to a 250-mL Erlenmeyer flask. b. Add about 30 ml of deionized water to this titration flask. c. Add a magnetic stir-bar, place on a magnetic stirrer and begin stirring. A piece of white paper under the flask gives good contrast for easier detection of the indicator color change. d. Inside the fume hood, add about 3mL of ammonia/ammonium chloride buffer (pH 10). The buffer is an inhalation irritant. Stir for 30 seconds. e. Just prior to titrating the flask, add four drops of Eriochrome Black T indicator solution. Continue stirring for another 30 seconds and then titrate this solution with your disodium EDTA solution within 15 minutes. f. Slow down your titration near the endpoint, as the color change takes 3-5 seconds to develop. At the end point, the color changes from pink to violet to blue. If you feel unsure whether you’ve reached your endpoint, read and record the volume delivered and then add another drop of titrant to check for a complete color change. g. Repeat this titration two more times. Calculate the molarity of your disodium EDTA from each titration. Average your molarities from the three trials and calculate your precision. 3. Choose one prepared unknown water sample as provided. Record the unknown code in your notebook, then titrate this water sample with your standardized disodium EDTA solution: a. Transfer 25.00mL of the prepared water sample to a 250-mL Erlenmeyer flask. b. Add about 20ml of DI water to the titration flask. c. Add a magnetic stir-bar. Place the flask on a magnetic stirrer and begin stirring. d. Inside the fume hood, add about 3mL of ammonia/ammonium chloride buffer (pH 10). Stir for 30 seconds. e. Just prior to titrating,  add four drops of Eriochrome Black T Indicator solution to your flask. Continue stirring for another 30 seconds and then titrate this solution with your standardized disodium EDTA solution within 15 minutes. f. Repeat this titration twice more. Calculate the hardness (mg CaCO3/L) of the prepared water sample from each of your titrations. Calculate your average hardness and your experimental precision from the three trials. 4. Compare your results to the expected range for municipal water hardness. Check your city’s water quality lab website (e.g. http://www.tempe.gov/waterquality/typical_values.htm)† (Complexometric Determination of Water Hardness Lab, n.d.). Observations Upon adding the preparing the Na2EDTA solution the Na2EDTA solid was quickly dissolved into the DI water to create a clear solution. Later on in the procedure stage of adding the ammonia/ammonium chloride buffer into the 250 mL flask, a visual chemical reaction was observed as the ammonia buffer was mixing into the flask with CaCO3 and the unknown solution in both procedures. Upon adding the Eriochrome Black T indicator the color was visually changed from clear to light pink in both procedures. During titration of both procedures the visual color change was observed from light see-through pink to see-through violet when the process was close to ending, then from see-through violet to see-through light blue signaling then end of the reaction process.

Analysis of Hipster Subcultures

Analysis of Hipster Subcultures Nowadays we often come across the terms hipster or hipsterism in different newspapers and magazines as well as watching TV programs. Some people in our society even cannot imagine the meaning of this word. However, the term hipster is a well-known term for any sociologist, especially if he or she is interested in different contemporary subcultures of our society. A great deal of articles concerning the hipsters lifestyle and culture have already been written. Among them are the articles which were written by the specialists in the field of sociology. For example, Mark Griefs article The Hipster in the Mirror which was published in New York Times on December, 11 in 2010 touches upon some important issues concerning this interesting theme from the experienced sociologists point of view. My goal in this paper is not only to develop the theme of this contemporary subculture but also to make head or tale of how it is that the term hipster can simultaneously be so ambiguous and yet so meaningful to certain people in our society. Ill try to analyze Griefs discussion in his article The Hipsters in the Mirror, and Ill give my own thoughts regarding this theme. To achieve this goal, I have organized my paper into three main sections, one of which has some sub-sections. In the first section, Ill give the main characteristics of hipsters. Moreover, Ill match each of three hipster sub groups which were identified by Mark Grief in his article. In the second section of my essay, Ill touch upon the Marxist idea concerning the culture as a form of power, and Durkheims ideas concerning the reflection of our mental representations in particular social groups, and find out Bourdieus conception on these issues. In the third section of my paper, Ill discuss Griefs argument that terms like hipster do not make very good sociological concepts and Ill give my own point of view concerning this issue. In conclusion, Ill summarize the main points of my essay and express my opinion. Now I am going to turn to the first section of my paper. HIPSTERS IN OUR SOCIETY. THE MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THIS SOCIAL GROUP The term hipster is a slang term which stands for a young man or a girl who adhere to non-mainstream fashion and created their own culture. It is not difficult to recognize a hipster in the crowd of people because the representatives of this group are usually dressed according to their certain rules and aesthetic norms. Hipsters usually wear skinny jeans and big eyeglasses. (Greif) It is known that this term hipster appeared in 1940th and initially stood for a representative of a special subculture and the admires of jazz music. Nowadays this word has a little bit another meaning. It describes the young well-to-do people who usually live in big cities and who are interested in fashion, culture, modern music, indie rock, popular magazines such as Vice and Clash, arthouse films and modern literature and so on. (Haddow) Mark Griefs Ideas Concerning Hipsters and the Role of Taste. Mark Grief, a writer, professor at New School University in New York and editor/co-creator of literary magazine n+1, a person of wide interests, a Harvard graduate, who got PhD from Yale, studied literature at Oxford gives some interesting ideas about hipster. (Rawlings Sundin) Mark Grief insists on the fact that nobody thinks of himself as a hipster in our society, nevertheless, most of the present day young people belong to this social group. Not only the clothes they wear give them out to be hipsters. Although this fact is also very important in this issue. Their way of life, their world concept, their special interests unite them together. In his article The Hipster in the Mirror, Mark Grief turns to the work of a famous French sociologist Pierre Bourdie Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgement of Taste which is considered to be one of the most important sociological books of the 20th century. The author of this book makes investigations and gives the ideas how different social groups define aesthetic concepts such as taste. (Bourdie) His investigation gives such results that the tastes which are considered to be personal, unique, justified only by sensibility depend on the social class including your profession, your highest degree and your fath ers profession. (Grief) Moreover, he identifies three main groups hipster sub-groups which have absolutely different tastes, interests and philosophy. Mark Griefs Division of Hipsters into three Main Groups and Difference between them. In order to explain the above mentioned statement, I should use Mark Griefs words: Taste is not stable and peaceful but a means of strategy and competition. What does it mean? It means that all the representatives of hipterism can be divided into several classes according to their financial standing. Those superior in wealth young people who are at the top of this diagram use taste to show that they are superior in spirit. The other sub-group of hipsters includes the young people of upper-middle class who move to cities after college in order to find work in the creative professions. (Grief) Of course, they are ignored by the urban hierarchy but have some skills to make a superior body of cultural cool. The third sub-group of hipsters is represented by couch-surfing, old-clothes-wearing young people who belong to the lower-middle class fraction. Mark Grief calls them the most authentic and the most s ocially precarious. However, they have no any financial support from their parents. They work as servitorial staff in bars, shops and so on. Their cool clothes can easily make them superiors among all the hipsters in spite of the fact that they practically have no extra money. The struggle among these three groups is based on superiority. To be the best, to know more about lifestyle and culture, to wear the most cool clothes are the main aspects of this struggle. The representatives of each group of hipsters consider themselves to be the best possessors of taste. The main purpose of representing hipsterism is to prove that the tastes of this or that social group depend on the economic, social and cultural aspects. BOURDIEUS IDEAS REGARDING TWO PERSPECTIVES ON CULTURE BY MARX AND DURKHEIM, THE EARLY THEORISTS OF THE SOCIOLOGY OF CULTURE It is known that such researchers as Marx and Durkheim made a great contribution to the development of cultural sociology. According to Marxs ideas concerning culture, the most powerful members of our society are those who belong to the upper class. They set up culture of the society in their own way, according to their rules and concepts. Moreover, he states that the economic status plays an important role in the formation of values and ideologies of society. The other perspective on culture which was used by Bourdieu in his work relates to another famous sociologist Emile Durkheim who has his own opinion on culture. According to his opinion, culture has many relationships to society including logical, functional and historical ones. The first ones state that power depends on some cultural categories and beliefs, e.g. God. The second ones state that certain ceremonies and myths build social order. The historical relationships to society state that the origins of culture lie in socie ty. Lets relate the ideas of Bourdieu described by Mark Grief in his article The Hipsters in the Mirror to these perspectives on culture. Speaking about Bourdieus ideas regarding the freedom of our mental representations, Id say that he appropriates some claims of the famous French sociologist Emile Durkheim who is known also for the establishment of the academic discipline and social science. As a matter of fact, Emile Durkheim asserts that our mental representations are not freely and randomly chosen but really represent our membership in particular social group. It means that the representatives of this or that sub-group of hipsters cannot change themselves due to their mental representations. For example, Bourdieu and his researchers held an opinion poll of 1200 people among which were the representatives of all the social classes. The questions which were included into his public opinion poll touched upon the aspects of French domestic life. Among them was such a question: Which of the given subjects could be the most appropriate to make a good photo? There were three variants given by the researchers to choose: a beautiful sunset, a pretty girl with a cat and a terrible car crash. It is interesting to know that the representatives of such professions as college teachers and artists began to look conditioned to the variant of a car crash. Of course, much depends on the social status of a person.(Grief) If we are going to speak about the representatives of the upper class who are well-to-do people and who feel a great power over the other social groups, their culture will really represent a form of power. Everything they do will be considered the best, everything they say will be highly appreciated. They are those who always take center stage. Of course, as a result of it, they ignore other young people and even make fun of them. Mark Grief touches upon the Bourdieus discussions based on the Marxist idea that culture can operate as a form of power. He says that the philistine wealthy, who have money but have no idea of what culture is, convert real capital into cultural capital. They create their own subculture as if it were ready to wear. (Grief) At the same time Bourdieus approach criticizes the Marxist perspective in a way and Mark Grief states this fact in his article. He says that the habits of hatred and accusation are rather typical for hipsters of all the sub-groups. The main reason of this fact is that they feel the weakness of everyones position including their own. (Grief) They feel their own weakness. So, as a result of this emotional state, young people who not long ago had a great power over the other representatives of hipsters and considered themselves to be the best in lifestyle, culture and fashion, feel low and insignificant in the presents of the other hipsters. In this situation we canno t say that culture can operate as a form of power. SOCIOLOGICAL CONCEPTS OF THE TERM HIPSTER IN OUR SOCIETY It is very important to notice the fact that Griefs argument that terms like hipster do not make very good sociological concepts cannot be used for describing the social world in scientific terms. If we try to analyze the meaning of this word having read a great deal of articles regarding the lifestyle, behavior, fashion and culture of hipsters, well be able to give a certain characteristics to the term hipster. May be, it will be something with negative meaning but, nevertheless, it will represent the main true features of this word. So, hipsters are young people, the representatives of a certain social group or class and subculture which do not aim for anything, which do not dream of anything, which do not exclaim against anything or rebel, which do not invent or change anything. The response to the term hipster is striking. People do not hate hipsters. It is an obvious exaggeration. Anyway, people refer to this phenomenon as if it is the main source of culture fall because hipster s can easily change one thing into another. Id like to represent the results of a survey which will help us to see if this term can be used to describe the social world in scientific terms. People of different professions and social status took part in this survey on the question of hipsters. Among them were students, designers, journalists, workers, businessmen. Here are some examples of their answers. Question: Does the word hipster have a positive or a negative meaning? Student: Hipsters represent our modern youth and its quite normal. Journalist: If a hipster is a one person in the crowd, its positive, but if there are hundreds of them gathered in one place, it irritates a lot. Designer: I think if a person wants to distinguish himself from the crowd, its a good idea! I cannot say anything negative about hipsters. Worker: I dont know what are you talking about. Businessman: Its not interesting for me. Photographer: I am sure that hipsters make our life bright and merry. Their clothes, their glasses, everything is Okay. These are only several answers. However, we can easily prove the fact that the public opinion concerning hipsters is positive in most answers. So, I think that the term hipster can be used to describe the social group in scientific terms. Although there are many articles which prove the contrary. For example, Douglas Haddows article Hipster: The Dead End of Western Civilization considers hipsters to be the representatives of narcissism and spiritual shallowness which may lead to the end of civilization. He says that we came to the point in our civilization where counterculture has mutated into a self-obsessed aesthetic vacuum. (Haddow) At the same time another article Are Hipsters Really the End of Western Civilization written by Joseph Mohan calls down this opinion. The author of this article is sure that hipsters are simply kids in a phase theyll eventually grow out of it, just like the Gen-Hers, punks, hippies, beatniks, and flappers before them. (Mohan) CONCLUSION In conclusion, I should say that the issue discussed in my paper is a topical one. It is clear that different people have different opinions concerning hipsters in our society. The proverb says: So many heads, so many opinions. That is true. Mark Grief used the work of Pierre Bourdieu to discuss this issue. Having analyzed some aspects in his article and some other articles which also touch upon the question of hipsters, I can agree that the term hipster can at the same time be so ambiguous and so meaningful to certain people of our society. Of course, this phenomenon is not dangerous for our civilization. Not all the people of our society can be hipsters. Nevertheless, we can easily use this term to denote a certain social group in our society. I think that its a very interesting question for any sociologist to carry out researches and have public surveys, to learn new things and study social science. Such people as hipsters help us to explore our society and draw corresponding conc lusions.

Fran Dorn :: essays research papers

Fran Dorn, the host of our video, is an intellectual person who holds a special appreciation for all forms of literature. She graduated with a master’s degree in theatre from a New York school and is now an actress who enjoys reading in her spare time.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Fran views each work of literature as a gift. She states that literature is very hard to define and that although each reader must find his or her own definition of literature, we can examine how and why literature works. Throughout the video, many views on literature are offered. Fran concludes that although literature comes in many forms, it must have a written quality to it. She believes that this creates a relationship between the author and the reader of the piece. As the reader makes his or her way through a piece of literature, Fran feels new worlds are opened and the reader is enriched through the experience of literature. All literature has meaning, but it means different things to each person because we each bring in different experiences. Fran concludes that literature has great meaning because it is written not only from the author’s mind, but also from the author’s heart; the whole person is involved in writing. I feel Fran would have us regard literature in the same way that she does. Fran desires for us to consider the meaning and value in each piece. She would like us to appreciate the value of literature and to discover the joy in it that she treasures.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The critics on our videotape offer three different interpretations of Nicki Giovanni’s poem â€Å"Woman†. I found the first critic’s viewpoint to be the most reasonable, logical interpretation. Alvin Aubert, a professor of English at Wayne State University, feels that the poem was written in a satirical tone with an emphasis on how women are not taken seriously in the world today. However, he also concludes that at the end of the poem, the woman has decided to accept this. Even though she is not taken seriously as a woman, she will still continue to be a woman.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I agree with Aubert’s point of view because I feel there is evidence in the poem to support his interpretation. Throughout the poem, each time the woman wanted to be something, the man rejected that role for her, thus not taking her seriously, nor recognizing her value in that rule. Fran Dorn :: essays research papers Fran Dorn, the host of our video, is an intellectual person who holds a special appreciation for all forms of literature. She graduated with a master’s degree in theatre from a New York school and is now an actress who enjoys reading in her spare time.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Fran views each work of literature as a gift. She states that literature is very hard to define and that although each reader must find his or her own definition of literature, we can examine how and why literature works. Throughout the video, many views on literature are offered. Fran concludes that although literature comes in many forms, it must have a written quality to it. She believes that this creates a relationship between the author and the reader of the piece. As the reader makes his or her way through a piece of literature, Fran feels new worlds are opened and the reader is enriched through the experience of literature. All literature has meaning, but it means different things to each person because we each bring in different experiences. Fran concludes that literature has great meaning because it is written not only from the author’s mind, but also from the author’s heart; the whole person is involved in writing. I feel Fran would have us regard literature in the same way that she does. Fran desires for us to consider the meaning and value in each piece. She would like us to appreciate the value of literature and to discover the joy in it that she treasures.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The critics on our videotape offer three different interpretations of Nicki Giovanni’s poem â€Å"Woman†. I found the first critic’s viewpoint to be the most reasonable, logical interpretation. Alvin Aubert, a professor of English at Wayne State University, feels that the poem was written in a satirical tone with an emphasis on how women are not taken seriously in the world today. However, he also concludes that at the end of the poem, the woman has decided to accept this. Even though she is not taken seriously as a woman, she will still continue to be a woman.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I agree with Aubert’s point of view because I feel there is evidence in the poem to support his interpretation. Throughout the poem, each time the woman wanted to be something, the man rejected that role for her, thus not taking her seriously, nor recognizing her value in that rule.

Best Leader Essay

INTRODUCTION That I had chosen is Tun Dr. Mahathir bin Mohamad which is our Malaysian fourth Prime Minister of Malaysia. He is one of a good Malaysian politic leader. He held the post for 22 years from 1981 to 2003, making him Malaysia’s longest serving Prime Minister. His political career spanned almost 40 years. Born and raised in Alor Setar, Kedah, Mahathir excelled at school and became a medical doctor. He became active in the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO), Malaysia’s largest political party, before entering parliament in 1964. He served one term before losing his seat, before falling out with the then Prime Minister, Tunku Abdul Rahman and being expelled from UMNO. When Abdul Rahman resigned, Mahathir re-entered UMNO and parliament, and was promoted to the Cabinet. By 1976, he had risen to Deputy Prime Minister, and in 1981 was sworn in as Prime Minister after the resignation of his predecessor, Hussein Onn. ACHIEVEMENTS Tun Dr Mahathir Mohammad had achieved lot of achievement during being a Prime Minister of Malaysia. He brings many good programs, mission and vision to Malaysia such as â€Å"Wawasan 2020†, first Malaysia cars†Proton â€Å", good education system and many more. There were lots of changes happen in Malaysia during his Management. Although he was rise from an ordinary family, he becomes a successful person in his life. This is indeed the great achievement of Tun Dr Mahathir in his twenty-two years as the Prime Minister of Malaysia. In my opinion an award is given to Tun Dr Mahathir in recognition for his achievement in changing, the mental altitude of the Malaysians. We can say that Tun Dr Mahathir is able to change to a certain extent the negative mental attitude of the Malaysians to a positive mental attitude. Tun Dr Mahathir has come with the slogan that change the negative mental outlook of the Malaysians to become positive mental outlook and this has becomes the basi s towards making Malaysia an advance country by the year 2020. Tun Dr Mahathir has set the vision that Malaysia is to become an advance country by the year 2020. An advance country to Tun Dr Mahathir is not only advancing materially but also spiritually. He wants Malaysia to becomes advance in all fields and to become advance in their thinking and achievements. In order to achieve vision 2020 all Malaysians especially the Prime Ministers must cling to the vision, slogan set by Tun Dr Mahathir. Unfortunately the Prime Ministers Tun Abdullah Ahmad Badawi comes with the vision of Islam Hadari, and the Prime Minister Dato’ Seri Najib Tun Razak comes with the slogan of Satu Malaysia. In my opinion, we should stick to the vision, slogan set by Tun Dr Mahathir. All of us should work hard to achieve the vision that is to make Malaysia an advance country in the year 2020. During the times when Tun Dr Mahathir becomes the Prime Minister of Malaysia, there were so many infrastructure developments in Malaysia. We have the north and south highways built during his time, the twin towers, once the highest building in the world, the airport and many others built during his time as the Prime Minister of Malaysia. Malaysians are sent abroad to study and acquire knowledge and it is during his time that Malaysia start sending students to Japan and Korea. Tun Dr Mahathir is in the opinion that we do not sent student only to acquire knowledge but also to acquire good working attitudes. Since the Japanese and Koreans have better working attitudes than the Americans and Europeans, the decision made by Tun Dr Mahathir to send our students to these countries to learn good working attitudes are commendable. Tun Dr Mahathir knows very well that having only knowledge without good working attitudes will not make Malaysia an advance country. In order to become an advance country Tun Dr Mahathir want the Malaysians to acquire knowledge as well as to acquire good working attitude. CHANGES IN MALAYSIA CONCLUSION As a conclusion, Tun Dr Mahathir Mohammad is a great man and a very good leader which I saw in my life. A simple normal man changes the country to become a one of the top country in the world. He is a good and intelligent leader, bring along our Malaysia community to a become a successful community by his good management.

Exposition

Expository plan must be built for completeness Information must be valuable and complete. The point of the topic must be specific enough to explain the subject and it seeks to answer what, why, and how. Expository plan must be built for progress Writing must have unity, from old to new or from simple to complex or known to unknown or specific to general or general from to specific or less important to more important. Expository plan must be built for Adaptation In order to be clear, explanation must be clear for suitable audience.The Exposition of an Abstract Term or concept Anything that has no pictorial representation that we know are true; but exist only in our mind. Abstract term begin with a definition. It consist of the term, Genus, and Differentiation. Writing a good exposition of an abstract term must be: 1. Be sure you are explaining the subject not talking about it. 2. Use the simplest and most familiar diction possible, especially if your exposition is more formal sort. 3. Study various methods of exposition, select the best one suitable for you.Elimination – explaining a thing by telling what is not. Analysis – dividing the subject into its feature. Comparison and Contrast -? defining words which have a tendency to occur with or to be confused with certain companion words. Illustration – the easiest and natural method of exposition. Giving example of illustration of object to be defined. A serious problem in the abstract term or concept is that length. It may be full length or full length composition or in which the subject is amplified by various methods or by one developed to its utmost.It may be a paragraph developed by concentrating on the main features of the subject and relying for effect upon wise selection and presentation. Most frequently it is a paragraph or page in longer essay. The exposition of a process Sequential operation and action by which something is done or made. Whenever you are trying to tell a person how to do something or how other people do something. Followed by a time pattern sometimes w/o conscious planning or explaining events in order. James M. Micron gives four common types of exposition process: â€Å"how-to-do-it† process, give direction. How-it-works† process, shows a n operation (often mechanical). Usually follows a time order and resembles narration. â€Å"how-it-is-organized† process, show complexity in organization function by breaking into department and it is functional rather than chronological. â€Å"how-did-it-happen† process, seek to cause for a known effect such as why or how the event occurred. Exposition of a process has two different aims. First, try to give the reader an understanding of the process without assuming that he/she will undertake itself. Second, give the reader a direction. Planning and organizing depend on the subject.If the process is informal, your readers is to follow directions himself. Whether if it is formal or informal, unity is required in the process if you wish to emphasize. Comparison and Contrast Comparison meant to show likeness and Contrast shows differences between two subject areas. For example, A is better than B or more interesting than B, or more useful than B. The two statements need strong control and organization. Character Sketch Process of writing individual trait to set forth idea or detailing of a characteristics of some personified animal or thing. Enhanced by the use of incidental description.To sketch a character is essentially explaining that character. It is not describing a person physically but present to his character. Two kind of character sketch are individual concerns particular person and type characteristic common to a group. Ways to develop character sketch. A) Leading characteristics of the subject are enumerated and each one is taken up for discussion. B) Development may be anecdotal; it may relate a story illustrate particular trait in a person. C) Pro minent characteristic may be emphasized and the other characteristic placed in subsidiary relationship .The Essay is an exposition of author's thought or reflection on some subject of human interest. Two kinds of essay: Formal Essay -? main purpose is to give information and instruction. Brief in scope, usually impersonal in tone, it addressed primarily intellect, may deal with variety of subject. Great structure, method of development and manner of expression Informal Essay – frankly and mainly to entertain. Observed in a free method way and does not attempt to discuss subject exhaustively , nor does it deal with subjects that call for elaborate explanation.Personal in tone and point of view written in natural conversation. Comment or Criticism Review and criticism are forms of exposition. Usually published in periodicals, magazine, and written in a large variety of subjects. Anything that evokes opinion or judgment. Three kinds of criticisms: Criticism by use of standard â €“ assume that certain qualities tend to appear n all great literature. Historical Criticism -? evaluating influence of a writer or his work upon writers who followed him. Impressionistic or personal criticism – by telling what you think or feel, more Objective standards , narrow or superficial.Practical suggestions for your criticism: 1. Have background of knowledge 2. Have prejudice from training, race, religion, politics, occupation, and localities 3. Analyze a piece of writing 4. Choose something of your own interest as well as your own knowledge 5. Select a definite, limited central idea 6. Test your opinions carefully Us Mary Exposition Exposition that states and explains briefly the subject Of any spoken or written composition of considerable length. CLASSIFICATION AS A TECHNIQUE OF EXPOSITION Classification is a significant and informative grouping of things, activities, and ideas.Ruling principle is to unite idea or point of view use in the art of classifying. â €Å"A classification is useless it leads somewhere†. Suggestion for meaning classification: 1. Make clear what is being classified 2. Choose (and state) a significant, useful basis or guiding principle for the classification 3. Take care to limit yourself one basis at a time in listing members of class 4. Name the species according to given basis 5. Make sure that each species is separate and distinct that there is no overlapping 6.Help readers understand the distinct between two species 7. Make certain that in a classification (where a species listed in accordance with the major basis becomes a genus) Partition in Exposition Partition is the act of dividing a unit into its component part and does not necessarily have anything in common beyond the fact that they belong to the same unit. Hammers may be logically divided according to its physical characteristics. Classification always deals with several units while partition eels only part of a unit. A hammer head w/o handle is hammer.The head and the handle are component parts of only one unit. Suggestion for clear and meaningful partition: 1 . â€Å"Any breakdown of a subject for purposes of discussion should be done in accordance consistent point of view, or basis, and basis must adhered throughout any single phase of the discussion†.

Advantages of using CNG

Appeared like a monster for the first clip in 1999 and threatened all Egyptians, it was immense, unsafe and cruel. So the Egyptian authorities declared the war against it, and started to take serious actions. Now its 2009 but no alteration, it ‘s still there darkening the skies of Cairo from October to December doing a batch of environmental and wellness casualties. Apart from the grey looking skies and atrocious odor distributing in metropoliss, the Monster causes Respiratory jobs. Mahmoud Abdel Majeed, caput of Abbasiya Chest Diseases Hospital, said, † People suffer from take a breathing troubles, coughing and sometimes respiratory failure which requires unreal respiration. † Adding that kids and the aged were the most at hazard. Most of you now know who the monster is, it ‘s the BLACK CLOUD. Funny enough that it ‘s non a natural phenomenon but it is chiefly caused by us! ! Harmonizing to some statistics it ‘s said that 40 % of the pollution is f rom the combustion of rice straws, another 23 % from vehicle exhausts – as Cairo now has about 4.3 million vehicles in its streets. Factory emanations besides cause 23 % and 6 % from combustion of wastes. We need solutions! One of the solutions is to utilize Compressed Natural Gas ( CNG ) as a fuel for autos alternatively gasolene. Natural gas autos are non different from gasolene fuelled autos except that the natural gas autos are fuelled by CNG non gasolene. And its mechanism is so simple ; when u get down your engine, the CNG enters a regulator that reduces the force per unit area before come ining the fuel-injection system. The gas is so assorted with air and injected into the cylinders of the engine where it ‘s ignited by a flicker stopper ensuing in an detonation which is used to drive the Piston. CNG is non merely good for the environment but besides as for persons there are other benefits. Using CNG is a new revolution which has economical, environmental and proficient pros, yet non all people use CNG as a fuel for their autos for different grounds. CNG is rather economical ; it ‘s about tierce of the monetary value of regular gas, good intelligence for the low paid and cab drivers. Besides people who own a natural gas auto will hold some revenue enhancement inducements ; the authorities makes them pay fewer revenue enhancements as a wages for lending in protecting the environment from pollution. Further more, the cost of care of natural gas autos is really low in long term compared to that of gasolene autos. From all sides, CNG is rather more economical than gasolene. The chief advantage of utilizing CNG as a fuel is because it ‘s environmentally friendly. Since it is the cleanest firing fossil fuel, as methane Burnss cleaner than crude oil fuels. Harmonizing to a study by the Air Pollution Research Department at the National Research Center in Cairo, it was found that, â€Å" compared to petrol, CNG has a critical potency to cut down C monoxide, hydrocarbon and C dioxide concentrations in fumes released from electronic fuel-injection and well-carbureted engines by an norm of 73 per centum and 66 per centum, 39 per centum and 31 per centum and 21 per centum and 19 per centum, severally. † With these figures, CNG became a friend to the environment and people every bit good, since it causes no or less negative wellness effects than the crude oil or gasolene. Using CNG besides has some proficient advantages. CNG gives a high compaction ratio, which means that most of the fuel is burnt. The advantage of high compaction ratio is that it gives the engine a higher HP ratio ensuing in a high public presentation engine. One of the best things about CNG is that u can change over your auto to be natural gas fuelled. The transition procedure is an easy procedure ; it is merely fitting storage armored combat vehicles in the bole of the vehicle and put ining injection noses in the engine. After this U will hold a bi-fuel vehicle! Bi-fuel vehicles have the capableness to exchange between utilizing gasolene and other fuel like CNG manually or automatically to run the auto, what do we necessitate more! ! But what makes some people refuse or afraid to change over their autos to natural gas autos? Well, like everything in the universe, CNG has some disadvantages excessively. First, the transition procedure can be dearly-won as he/she will hold to purchase the transition kit and wage for the machinist who will change over it. Yes CNG is cheaper in monetary value, but this is when you replenish your auto but when it comes to transition, it can be dearly-won. Another disadvantage is†¦