Pop Music Lesson Essay

1. What is hot euphony?Popular Music refers to Music which is widely appeal to the large audience. It is also much referred to the music created since industrialization in the mid-1800s.2. What case does devour music typically use in the lyrics? Describe ace pop song that uses this radix. Why is this theme such a popular one?Themes such as Love and Relationships argon often utilize as the centre of the lyrics. Cant help falling in love Elvis Presley. It has displayed how a guy felt upon meeting a lady of his dream.Theme of Love and Relationships are popular because most batch are able to relate their personal lifes with the theme. From daily lives to movies to music, Love theme is something which is universal and therefore, it is a popular theme that most artiste would based their music on.3. What is disco? What are the characteristics of this music?Disco is a music musical style that was created in the 70s. Disco Music are usually played mingled with Tempo 100-130 bpm. Such tempo is neither too fast or too slow, and therefore it encourages dancing for the general audience. The pulse of the rhythm was oftern emphasized, Vocals were often soaring with the drumbeat behind.4. What was the British Invasion? Which famous host was a part of this movement? What impact did the group have on pop music?British Invasion refers to the boom popularity of British bands/music groups in America during the 60s. Beatles was one of the most famed band during the 1960s. There are many areas which the group has impacted and influenced Pop Music. Unlike other artistes, Beatles wrote their give birth songs and created their own record label. That really changed the direction of pop music.5. What is a male child band? What are some characteristics of a boy band? A boy band is a band made of a group of male singers. They dont play any instruments, and much see were placed on their personal image and lifestyle etc.

Prevention and control of infection Essay

QuestionsAnswersLearning Outcome/ legal opinion criteriaexplain usageees roles and responsibilities in likeness to the prevention and look into of transmissionAs an employee it is our responsibility to stick to to fellowship policies and procedures as rise as those implemented by locate procedures. This means whatsoever communicable diseases which be nonifiable moldiness be brought to the attention of the appropriate authorities. If I receive any concerns whatsoever regarding the steering of infectious diseases in the study I should contact line/ disc over manager who w minacious then seek professional advice. All employees mustiness(prenominal) withal observe general precautions, other roles specific to a particular(a) work activities alike be observe red. Roles and responsibilities of personnel in relation to infection concord.1.1.1explain employers roles and responsibilities in relation to the prevention and control of infectionIt is the responsibility of the employer to provide employees withinformation on such policies as wellhead as insure all employees receive sufficient training where necessary. as well to provide PPE + individual(prenominal) protective equipment- to all members of round.1.1.2Outline latest enactment and regulatory body standards which argon germane(predicate) to the prevention and the prevention and control of infection.The wellness and Social Cargon subprogram 2008 Code of Practice for wellness and adult social cargon on the prevention and control of infections and cerebrate focus. To uphold providers of healthcargon, adult social c are, (and others) plan and implement how they prevent and control infections. It includes criteria for CQC to express into account when assessing compliance with the registration requirement on neatliness and infection control. Legislation, regulations and guidance that govern infection prevention and control. Health and Safety at blend Act 1974, Management of Health and Safety at Work Act (amended 1994), The humanity Health (Control of Diseases) Act 1984,Food Safety Act 1990,COSHH 2002,RIDDOR 1995,The Public Health (Infectious Diseases) Regulation 1988,The Food Safety (General Food Hygiene) Regulations (Department of Health 1995), The Environmental Protection (Duty of Care) Regulations 1991, Health Protection Agency Bill,Hazardous neutralise Regulations 2005,NICE (National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence) Guideline 2 June 20032.2.1 cover local and organizational policies relevant to the prevention and control of infection The interest local and organisational policies relevant to the prevention and control of infection are The Public Health (control of disease) Act 1984, Social Care Act, the NICE guidelines and also company policies and procedures that relate to infection prevention and control. For example with regards to own company, it states that Anypersons pathetic from an infectious or contagious disease must either have clearance rom own doctor or seek guidance from your line manager.2.2.2 quarter procedures and systems relevant prevention and control of infection Procedures and systems relevant to the prevention of control infection are following companies policies and procedures which relate to advance relegate wakeing procedure, wearing chastise PPE for example gloves, aprons and protective clothing, the correct disposal of rot and using the correct make clean equipment when cleaning spillages, surfaces, equipment etc.3.3.1 develop the potential wallop of an appearbreak of infection on the singular and the organisation. The come onbreak of infection can be fatal if care is not taken for instance an outbreak of MRSA that can be resistant to some antibiotics can be fatal. The outbreak of an infection has consequences for someones, staff and the organisation. It can typesetters case ill health to all concerned and it can also impact emotionally because people that acquire infection re late it to being teasing and some infections may require people to be isolated from others for a period of time. The organisation could lose money if most of the staff are off sick and as they will then need to employ more staff which they will be paying to cover in addition to staff that are off sick. The organisation could also be fined by not complying with the law and in turn this will disablement their reputation.3.3.2Define RISKRisk is the chance or probability that a person will be harmed or experience an adverse health effect if exposed to a hazard. It may also apply to situations with situation or equipment loss4.4.1Outline potential pretends of infection within the oeuvreIn the workplace supporting individuals with personal care activities andsharing facilities with others require coming into contact with bodily fluids which contain pathogens. Cleaning areas such as bathrooms that are dirty and where bodily fluids are present may be more likely to be contaminated w ith pathogens. Handling laun prohibitionist that may be dirty or contaminated with bodily fluids can also contain pathogens. Handling of disposing of clinical take, emptying hazardous containers and receptacles, that may also be contaminated with pathogens.Providing personal care activities that require being ratiocination to an individual and dealing with bodily fluids increases the chance of infections feast. Sometimes support workers may be exposed to high risk situations where the risk of infection spreading is higher such as in an individuals station where the support worker is supporting with personal care but then also other activities such as intervention food and disposing of waste.4.4.2 discern the process of carrying out a risk discernmentRisk judgment helps makes us aware of the risks involved in any activity and whap how to reduce or make the risk. It also helps to protect the organisations reputation because the risk assessment identifies the risks in the wor kplace and the measures put in place to control or eradicate such risks. In general, risk assessments are important as they reduce the risks of accidents and ill health to everyone. on that point are five main stages to carrying out a risk assessment Identify the hazard this means finding out what the hazards are and what cogency cause harm by ob parcel but also by speaking with individuals, staff and visitors. Evaluate the risks this stage involves deciding who might be harmed and how and involves considering everyone in the workplace such as individuals, staff and visitors.Take precautions this involves deciding on what precautions must be taken to look at, reduce or nullify the hazards for example wearing the appropriate PPE might be a precaution. examine the risks the effectiveness of the precautions in place should be checked regularly to ascertain that they are sufficient. Report and record outcome the findings of the risk assessment must be recorded and all those involved and who need to know should be given explanations and information on how these risks can be prevented and/or controlled4.4.3 pardon the importance of carrying out a risk assessmentThe main grade is to make sure that no one gets hurt or generates ill. Accidents and ill health can ruin lives, and can also affect trade if output is lost, machinery is damaged, insurance costs increase, or if you have to go to court. Therefore, carrying out risk assessments, preparing and implementing a safe narration and keeping both(prenominal) up to date will not in themselves prevent accidents and ill health but they will play a crucial part in reducing their likelihood. Employers, managers and supervisors should all ensure that workplace practices reflect the risk assessments and prophylactic statement. Behaviour, the way in which everyone works, must reflect the safe working practices situated down in these documents.Supervisory checks and audits should be carried out to determine h ow well the aims set down are being achieved. Corrective action should be taken when required. Additionally, if a workplace is provided for use by others, the safety statement must also set out the safe work practices that are relevant to them. Hence, it is important to carry out a Risk Assessment and prepare a Safety Statement for 1. Financial reasons2. Legal reasons3. incorrupt and ethical reasons4.4.4 pull back different types of PPEAprons and gloves are commonly apply types of PPE. useable gloves have different types namely standard latex paint (i.e. white gloves utilize for personal care tasks), nitrile (i.e. utilise for cleaning tasks) and vinyl (i.e. blue gloves used when softwoodling food). Disposable plastic aprons are placed over uniforms and prevent the uniform from becoming soiled when carrying out different activities (i.e. white apron for personal care and blue for handling food). Other PPE used in care settings can include uniforms (must not be worn outside of w ork and must be water system- weakened on a regular basis) and hats (worn when food is being prepared and served). PPE is used to reduce therisk of pathogens being transferred from the support worker to the individual, from one individual to another, from one staff member to another. PPE form physical barriers from infections and protect staff from infection carried by individuals and individuals from any pathogens staff may be carrying 5.5.2Explain the reasons for use of PPE* Gloves- protect hands.* Gowns/aprons-protect undress and/or clothing.* Masks and respirators.* Respirators- protect respiratory piece of land from airborne infectious agents. * Goggles- protect eyes.* Face shields- protect face, mouth, nose, and eyes.5.5.3State current relevant regulations and legislation relating to PPEEmployees are responsible to use PPE appropriate and as instructed by employer. An employee has to check PPE forrader and afterwards use and have to overcompensate any damage. Ensuring emp loyees who store and handle dangerous substances are properly trained. development appropriate precautions when handling substances- for example, wearing protective clothing or ensuring decorous ventilation. Checking containers are properly labelled.5.5.4 appoint employees responsibility regarding the remotion of PPEIt is the responsibility of employees to ensure that they take reasonable care to protect their own health and safety and that of their co-workers and other persons in or near the workplace. Report to management any hazardous or potentially hazardous conditions or risks that they identify in their work environment. Participate in training provided by the employer, regarding the appropriate use, care, and bread and butter of PPE. Uses PPE in accordance with instruction provided and follow5.5.5Describe employers responsibility regarding the remotion of PPE Employers responsibilities regarding the use of PPE include providing the correct PPE in relation to the specific t asks that are carried out and for staff members (i.e. the correct fitting PPE) this must be provided ingenuous of charge. Employers need to have arrangements in place to make sure PPE is stored decent and is available when needed. It is the duty of the employer to assess the need of PPE in the work environment. The employer must also train staff and provide them with information and guidance on how to use PPE5.5.6Describe the correct practice in the application and removal of PPEBefore putting on an apron you must first wash and dry your hands and then the cervix strap must be placed over the head and the waist ties fastened behind the back. To remove the apron it is important to limit the areas your hand will touch in order to reduce the possibility of cross infection. You should pull at the neck strap and the waist strap making sure that it does not take root to the floor, then scrunch it up into a ball in your gloved hand and then dispose of it in the yellow bin bag. When remo ving PPE neutralise touching any surface, remove the item in the beginning moving to the close patient, place the item in the correct bin and wash and dry your hands afterwards in case of cross contamination. Clinical waste like gloves and aprons are regarded as high risk and must be disposed of properly to reduce the risk of cross infection. Infectious, hazardous materials should be placed in yellow bags for incineration black bags are for food waste and other waste.5.5.7Describe the correct procedure for disposal of used PPE endue on medical gloves and place your PPE in a plastic garbage bag. Tightly tie and secure the garbage bag to prevent trickle. If dripping occurs and garbage touches your skin or clothes, wash them thoroughly. Put PPE in your workplaces receptacles. It may be labelled for bio hazardous waste. Clean waste containers regularly. Your workplace may require you to clean receptacles daily depending on their policies and wash hands thoroughlywith strap and warm water after handling.5.5.8Describe the key principles of good personal hygieneSome of the principles of good personal hygiene include washing hands before and after tasks and cleanse regularly to prevent the spread of infection and body odour, keeping vibrissa clean and tied back, wearing clean clothing and ensuring uniforms worn are serve regularly and only worn in the workplace to void the spread of infection, keeping nails trimmed and clean, not wearing jewellery at work as this can be a way of transporting pathogens.6.6.1Describe the correct sequence for hand washingThe stages for hand washing are as followsMake sure that you remove any jewellery,Turn the water tap on and make sure that you can place both hands under the water comfortably and that it is at the right temperature so that you can wash your hands, Wet both hands,Apply strap and elbow grease both hands palm to palm,Rub each hand over the back of the other,Interlock fingers and rub fingers,Rub thumbs,Rub palms together,Rinse to remove the soap residue,Dry your hands with either a paper towel or an air drier.6.6.3Explain when and why hand washing should be carried outHand washing should be carried out regularly to help prevent and control the spread of infection and should be washed before starting work and putting on a clean uniform, before and after using PPE, before and after specific tasks such as after using the toilet, before and after handling and serving food, after handling waste, before and after carrying out activities withindividuals.6.6.4Describe the types of products that should be used for hand washing There are different types of products that should be used for hand washing and these include soap, antiseptic gels and alcohol-based hand rubs. Liquid soap from a dispenser should be used for hand washing in common areas as these will have less pathogens then if bars of soap are shared between different people. Antiseptic gels contain chemicals that pulverise pathogens and t hese are used where there is a higher risk of infection. Alcohol-based hand rubs should be used in addition to and not instead of hand washing with soaps and antiseptic gels and add an additional protective barrier against pathogens.6.6.5Describe correct procedures that relate to skincare.Hand washing should be carried out regularly to help prevent and control the spread of infection and should be washed before starting work and putting on a clean uniform, before and after using PPE, before and after specific tasks such as after using the toilet, before and after handling and serving food, after handling waste, before and after carrying out activities with individuals. It is important to take care of our skin as it protects from pathogens if the skin is not looked after it could become dry and develop cracks which in turn could become the route of pathogens. It is and so important that hand cream is applied to help keep skin moisturised so that it does not become dry.

Nature of thought

Thinking the drill of the brain that can potentially be communicated. Inform thoughts become your lecture become your actions become your habits become your character become you. (Gary R. Kirby and Jeffery R. Godparent, Thinking, 2007) What makes man cerebration unique is the fact that our thoughts are made up of talking to. Langu succession allows us to retard things differently by channeling our thinking and perceptions. Our thoughts are influenced by the language we wont to describe them.The languages we use may too be influenced by personal barriers. Personal barriers include self- serving biases, cognitive distortions that put us in a favorable position. Stereotypes, universe biased toward members of a veritable group. Emotional influences also effect and inspire human thought. Emotion is what differentiates human beings from animals. We as humans think to communicate, using different languages that are influenced by barriers based upon memories. Memory plays an impor tant role in thinking. With proscribed storehouse we cant think. concord to Richard Paul and LindaElder, Journal of Developmental reproduction, Everything we learn is related to everything we learn and culture things in relation to each other makes each of the things we learn more memorable, more intelligible, and more useful. Without memory wed have no future to imagining and no past to consider. Getting an adequate amount of sleep is essential to the hypercritical thinking process. Sleep debt can negatively affect our mood, motivation, memory, decision making, concentration, line solving, and logical thinking (Corer, 1996). So in order to think puffy we must stimulate the brain with intellectual activity and enhance our memory.Enhancing memory includes making information meaningful, by associating new information with what we already neck well, by using mnemonic techniques and by repetition and practice. Listening to the recollections of others and being open to the poss ibilities. Finding relevance of the information, how it relates to our lives, increases its meaning and makes it more memorable. Now lets use my memory. I can remember when I found out I was pregnant with my first child. I thought I had gotten sick. I didnt happen well, very low amount of energy. Well I was sick, but it wasnt the sickI was thinking where I could go buy something over the counter and it be deceased in a few days. I was suffering from morning sickness, the repelling feeling a womans body goes through in the first trimester of pregnancy. The going away in my thoughts and reality was that a baby was access. A child, a living changing experience. I had all kinds of thoughts going through my head. First, I had to cognize that I was soon to be called Mommy. Which accordingly lead to other thoughts like if I was good enough to be parent at the age of 22. I thought what my family would think of me being that I as palliate young and not married.I was concerned on wh at the father of my child would put when I told him. After informing my family and accepting this important role that was coming into play. I began taking prenatal classes to educate myself on being a mother. I enrolled in college and begin taking Early Childhood Education courses. I learned that having my daughter pushed me into the field of working with children and having a beloved for the work that I do. In the beginning I was nervous, worried closely what others would think of me. Encapsulation was a personal barrier s I was raised to believe that one should be married before she has a child.My emotions were out of control the first couple of months as I thought to myself that I wasnt fit for the circumstances. After all that I have to say that I am a wonderful mother despite all my fears and that my thoughts from then have influenced and encouraged me to believe that can handle all situations, and to see something good out of anything that we are faced with.

A Strategic Framework for Customer Relationship Management

A Strategic Framework for Customer alliance Management Introduction This article explores the superfluity of literature available on CRM and relationship marketing and emphasizes the take on for a single, sour-based framework that helps in qualification a comprehensive CRM system followed by its successful implementation. The objective is to lavishlylight CRMs role in enhancing guest entertain and, in wind the shareholder harbor.Various CRM and marketing experts, who provide their views in the article, emphasize the need for a interbreed- workoutful, change-oriented prelude which identifies three alternative horizons of CRM within a holistic schemeal context. They try to identify five key cross- utilitarian CRM processes startle from a strategy development process, followed by determine creation process, multichannel integration process, an information commission process, and in the end mathematical operation legal opinion process.Based on these 5 pillars, th ey grade forward a newly conceptual framework specifying the roles and functions associated with each fixings in the framework. Summary CRM is a strategic burn up that is concerned with creating improve shareholder value through the development of detach relationships with key nodes and customer segments. There is a need to develop relationship marketing strategies and IT com moulder architecture to create profitable, long-term relationships with customers and early(a) key stakeholders.The article is organized chiefly in three parts. Firstly, it explores the three alternative thoughts of CRM. Secondly, it considers the need for a cross-functional process-based approach to CRM where the strategists develop criteria for process selection and identify the five key CRM processes. Next, they offer up a strategic conceptual framework that is constructed of these five processes followed by the testing of the comp onents of each process. Hence, CRM can be defined with three per spectives forming a continuum.At one corner is the narrowly and tactically defined particular technology solution, followed by wide-ranging technology (customer oriented IT and Internet), and customer centric approach (holistic approach emphasizing creation of shareholder value) as we move towards right at the other end of the continuum. Processes are the backbone of any initiative or a framework. Absence of a strategic framework for CRM is one causation for the disappointing results associated with many CRM initiatives.The strategic perspective starts with reviewing the following four process selection criteria for marketing and furrow processes which are now augmented by 2 new additional suggestions. 1)The processes should comprise a small coif that addresses tasks critical to the achievement of an institutions goals. 2) all(prenominal) process should contribute to the value creation process. 3) Each process should be at a strategic or macro level. 4)The processes need to mani fest clear interrelationships. 5) New Each process should be cross functional in nature. 6)New.Each process would be considered by experienced practitioners as being some(prenominal) logical. The refining of CRM strategy can start with the interaction research as interaction and discourse play a crucial role in the various stages of research. It consists of interaction with various executives, meetings and group discussion with emphasis on testing concepts, new ideas, and results. On the other hand, the process identification and CRM framework creation begins with identification of generic CRM processes which are used by an expert panel of experienced CRM executives.The resultant five generic processes are the strategy development process, the value creation process, the multichannel integration process, the information management process, and finally the transaction assessment process. These five key generic CRM processes help form a antecedent conceptual framework which is c ontinuously improved for better business results and increase share value. Next are the business/customer strategy and the value creation processes.The business strategy process can commence with a review of a companys vision and its relation to the CRM model. It is followed by the review of the industrial and competitive environment. Here the traditional industry psychoanalysis is augmented by more contemporary approaches for deeper environmental analysis and the sagaciousness the impact of disruptive technologies. Customer strategy on the other hand, deals with CRM perspective which requires a cross functional approach, especially when different departments are intricate in strategy development.Other important facets are information management process and motion assessment. Information management is concerned with the collection, integration and use of customer data and information from all processes. It involves managing assets worry the data repository, IT systems and analy sis tools. information repository provides a corporate memory of all customers. Systems include the organizations computer hardware, software, middleware IT, front office and back office applications like SFA and call center management.Lastly, analysis tools support many activities involved in interfacing directly with customers with technologies like data mining. The article also talks nearly Multichannel Integration process, which takes into account the combinations of different channels with customer interaction perspective. It takes the outputs of the business strategy and value creation processes and translates them into value-adding activities with customers. It ensures that the customer experiences remains highly positive within those channels. AnalysisEven though, there has been enough emphasis on the cross-functional, process-based CRM strategy framework that aims to help companies, it is mostly based on medium-large industrial companies and not the small and medium size d companies. I match with the views that the size and complexity of such enterprises are most likely to put up big CRM challenges, but small scale initiatives should be considered as well. I concur with objective of the article which deals with a process-based conceptual framework and cross functional approach for strategic CRM model.Also, I agree with argument which has been put forward again and again in the article for the need of an bankable definition that encompasses all facets. The framework proposed in the article is just a beginners model, yet a potentially useful starting point for the development of improved insight into these aspects of CRM theory. But according to me, because of the changing scenarios and fickle nature of market there is still a need for delimiting the domain, agreeing on a definition for CRM, and building a research agenda. I would like to add that certainly there is a need for measuring rod and control the CRM performance.But, at the same time tr aditional approach for performance step systems will not be suitable for cross functional CRM. There have been new initiatives like balanced scorecard which enables a wide range of metrics designs. It consists of shareholder results and performance monitoring. Ideally, it should reflect the performance standards necessary across the five major processes to ensure that CRM activities are aforethought(ip) and practiced effectively and that a feedback loop exists to maximize performance gain and organizational learning.The article also explores the multiple channels, such as area sales forces, Internet, direct mail, telephony, traditional television, e-commerce and m-commerce, including e-mail to interact with its customers. For example, making use of e-commerce opportunities and the fundamental economic characteristics of the Internet can enable a frequently deeper level of segmentation granularity than is affordable in most other channels. With the advent of Internet, interactiv e digital television, mobile telephony and text messaging, radio receiver application protocol, and 3G mobile services can be utilized in this field.The challenge lies in the ability of strategy to uphold the same high standards across different channels enhancing customer experiences. As far as associated value goes, I believe that outputs of the strategy development process leads to programs that both extract and deliver value and maximizes the lifetime value of desirable customer segments. It includes determining what value the company can provide to its customer on with what value the company can receives from its customers.These value propositions include the relationship among the performance of the product, the fulfillment of the customers needs, and the total cost to the customer everyplace the customer relationship life cycle. Like any other initiative, measurement is an integral part through the use of the metrics. The performance assessment sees that the organizations s trategic aims in terms of CRM are in co-occurrence with the acceptable standard and that a basis for future improvement is established. destinationOften, the organizations are plagued by the lack of a widely accepted and appropriate definition of CRM on with the harm to recognize its constitution. This can lead to the failure of a CRM project as this way the organization views CRM from a restrict technology perspective or undertakes CRM on a fragmented basis. The plethora of information requires a cross-functional integration of processes, people, operations, and marketing capabilities that is enabled through information, technology and applications.The options provided in the article explore the opportunities like cross-selling and up-selling to acquire or strengthen customer database. To ensure that technology solutions support CRM, it is important to conduct IT planning from the perspective of providing a seamless customer service rather than planning for functional or produ ct-centered departments and activities. On the organizations front, the focus is on change magnitude customer lifetime value by determining the variation in potential customer profitability across different customer segments along with the prepositions like customer acquisition and customer retention.

Depression Treatments

College Writing II 13 September 2012 picture Treatments Depression is a mental minatoryness affecting millions of people, not just in the United States, but as well the world. According to Marcia Clemmitt, its loosely outlined as a mental and emotional disorder with symptoms of constant sadness, lethargy, humor and a loss of interest and pleasure (575). Depression can be linked to stressful life events, such as family issues, sexual assault, or losing a loved mavin.Liubov Kavaliauskiene, VirginijaAdomaitiene, and RimantasPeciura add that slackdisrupts the working capacity of the ill person for a long time, complicates the lives of his/her family members and requires additional money for social sympathize with services (92). If left un grappleed, depressive disorder may lead to irrational violence, medicate and alcohol ab father use of, and suicide. Depression litigatement options have become widely useable over time, ranging from medicine to Web-based therapy. However, issu es with treatment costs have erupted since legion(predicate) printing patients relapse (Kavaliauskiene et. l. 92). Situations like these make determining the best way to treat printing unclear. The CQ Researcher article Treating Depression was written by Marcia Clemmitt and publish on June 26, 2009 as intensiveness 19, Issue 24. Clemmitt, a former in high spirits school teacher, has worked for The Scientist and Medicine & Health. She has earned degrees from St. Johns College, Annapolis, and Geor farmown University. She currently writes social indemnity articles on CQ Researcher, such as Public workings Projects and Preventing Cancer.The minute article, titled Medication Rationality in treating depression, was found victimization Academic Search Complete. The study was published by Acta Medica Lituanica as Volume 18, No. 2 in 2011, and written by Liubov Kavaliauskiene, RimantasPeciura, and VirginijaAdomaitiene. All three work for the Lithuanian University of Health Sciences , but theyre part of polar departments. Peciura and Kavaliauskiene argon affiliated with the Department of Drug Technology and Social Pharmacy, musical composition Adomaitienes affiliated with the Department of Psychiatry. Treating Depression introduces depression, discussing symptoms, causes and effect on society. It also explains limits depression patients face in finding help for their disorder. In 2008, sexual congress passed a law resulting in a rise in insurance coverage and access to mental-health services (Clemmitt 573). However, some depression patients havent benefited since they lack insurance and rely on scarce public-health c are programs. psychiatrical help and reliable antidepressants are also scanty since people are variant and take dis kindred medications.Despite the fact, Clemmitt insists treatment options have emendd since close primary-care physicians screen for depression and prescribe medications (581). Its great news, but if patients entert improve a fter being examined and treated the first time, its likely they wont try another way to improve their condition. The first modern antidepressants, tricyclic antidepressants, were created in the 1950s (Clemmitt 588). They supposedly made a patient happier and whollyowed them to be successfully treated as an outpatient by lot their brains chemical balance function properly.However, the drugs considered controversial due to questionable side effects. Clemmitt notes that safer options, like selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors and cognitive behavioral therapy are available. The article shows that depression unavoidably to be treated aggressively with quality treatment and the importance of preventing succeeding(a) cases. Medication Rationality in treating depression covers depression treatment methods employ by Lithuanian doctors. Costs of treating depression patients have been burdensome since many of them have relapsed, as mentioned before.The study has had a goal to evalua te the use of anti-depressants according to the opinions of three groups of specialists (family doctors, psychiatrists, and pharmacists) (Kavaliauskiene et. al. 92). The specialists opinions were evidently used to determine several different options for managing depression treatment costs better. This may have been begun like this since family doctors, psychiatrists, and pharmacists all have different professions in the medical field. Therefore, its assumed theyve different thoughts on using anti-depressants.Several findings could be drawn from the study with use of censorious data on depression cases and information gathered from interviews with Lithuanian specialists. Kavaliauskiene et. al. mention a combination of individually selected medicines and psychological help is needed to treat depression, not just medicine (96). Also, they suggest that even though depression treatments are handled differently by different professionals (96), psychiatrists and family doctors should rev iew causes of depression, work with pharmacists, and select about new antidepressants (96).Doctors need to be trained to correctly have a go at it depression and to know when to send patients to a psychiatrist (96). If all of these conditions are properly met, treating depression patients is manageable. Looking at the two articles, quite a few conflicts and commonalities appear between them. Kavaliauskiene et. al. mention that relapse rates in depression may range from 20% to as high as 44% with a maintained use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. In contrast, with tricyclic antidepressants, relapse during the ongoing treatment to maintain acquittal is relatively rare (93).This conflicts with Marcia Clemmitts suggestion that SSRIs could be more effective than the tricyclics drugs, because the latter has questionable side effects, such as increased heart rate, blurred vision, and weight gain and could be lethal in overdoses (590). At the same time, however before mentioni ng the side effects, Clemmitt mentioned how the tricyclic drug effectively fixed chemical imbalances in the brain to make patients feel better. This indicates an ambiguity with the sources on the topic of treatments.An instance of a commons between the sources relates to a depression patients motivation to get treated. If a depression patient doesnt improve with the first fine-tune of treatment, they will likely never seek another way to be cured, according to Marcia Clemmitts data. (581). This is supported with a solution presented by Kavaliauskiene and his colleagues, proverb to treat relapsing patients more attentively and to act quickly if no signs of improvement are present. They may have been given the wrong diagnosis or wrong type of medication (96).It seems from these examples that the sources are more similar than they are different. Though they agree on certain topics, the perfect depression treatment is still unknown. Additional research may help one understand what t he best approach to properly treat depression patients is. Works Cited Clemmitt, Marcia. Treating Depression. CQ Researcher 19. 24 (2009) 573-96. CQ Researcher. Web. 6 Sept. 2012. Kavaliauskiene, Liubov, et. al. Medication Rationality in treating depression Acta Medica Lituanica 18. 2 (2011) 92-96. Academic Search Complete. Web. 6 Sept. 2012.

African American Theatre 2 Essay

African the Statesn Theater started out, hundreds of years ago, as a foundation of amusement for the desolate community. The family was a place where African Americans, equally men and women, could work, study, and perfect their expertise. The runner of African American theater set in motion back in the 1830s, and it eventually became unmatchcapable of Americas nearly prevalent sources of entertainment Over the mark of over one and a half decades, there has been an apparent shifting within the dominion of African American theater.For example, African Americans have prevailed over the intense burden of subjugation in forms such as political affairs, comfortable residency and most significantly, equal human rights. One of the most apparent leisure pursuits that were in remission from African-Americans came in the appearance of the playacting arts, more particularly film. During this time, the society in general would not permit, for example, blacks to suck from the same water fountain, so to share the same onstage experiences or television effects was, without a doubt, not even simply proscribe plainly unheard of.However, as time went by, the potency of the hopeful African American actors and actresses weighed down the greater part of the general society, and society ceased being able to keep African Americans from appearing on stage and on television. For the longest time, the stage became and stayed the only way for African Americans to communicate the profound sorrow and oppression that the society, particularly the white population, had placed in calculate of them. Through acting, in addition to both singing and dancing, African Americans were able to, mentally and spiritually, go to a place that no tormenter could beget them.With this new form of communication, African Americans found a new method of endurance, and acting was the fundamental technique. Even though the African American actors and actresses were obligate to take the road of c ontinued existence in the theater to pee self contentment, it was, as an understatement, not unproblematic. For the longest moments in time, African American actors and actresses were not permitted to step foot on stage. However, black actors were instead ridiculed by Caucasian actors in what they called black face. Black face was a feat where white actors and actresses would literally conceal their faces with black paint and makeup, so as to imitate an African American actor. From this falsification of the hopeful actors, derogatory names such as Tom, Mulatto, Mammy, Coon, and Buck resulted. Similar to Black Face, there was what is called folk singer Shows. Minstrel take the stands, which consisted of comic skits, variety acts, dancing, and music, ridiculed and made fun of African Americans in the most disapproving ways.According to these shows, black people were looked upon as ignorant, lazy, and unreasonable, but also cheerful and melodious. Broadway, which is the heart of th eater for Americans, had been closed to blacks for more than a decade. However, this was only until the African American musical Shuffle Along sullen out to be a runaway success, which some historians believe was the beginning of the Harlem Renaissance. The early African American play to be produced on Broadway was The number Womans Fortune in 1923, written by Willis Richardson.In the year of 1959, Lorraine Hansberry, a famous playwright, became the source African American womanhood to have her play produced and performed on Broadway. Hansberrys play, titled A Raisin in the Sun, became an outlet for a continual assembly of plays by African American playwrights who often brought their own individual occurrences in the great effort in opposition to racial discrimination to the theater plays that they produced. . By the revolving of this period, the minstrel show enjoyed but a shadow of its former popularity, having been replaced for the most part by vaudeville.It survived as pro fessional entertainment until about 1910 amateur performances continued until the sixties in high schools, fraternities, and local theaters. As blacks began to score legal and hearty victories against racism and to successfully assert political power, minstrelsy lost popularity. The typical minstrel performance followed a three-act structure. The troupe first danced onto stage then interchange wisecracks and sang songs. The second part featured a variety of entertainments, including the pun-filled nonplus speech.The final act consisted of a slapstick musical plantation skit or a send-up of a popular play. Minstrel songs and sketches featured several burgeon forth characters, most popularly the slave and the dandy. These were further divided into sub-archetypes such as the mammy, her counterpart the old darky, the provocative mulatto wench, and the black soldier. Minstrels claimed that their songs and dances were authentically black, although the extent of the black influence re mains debated.Spirituals (known as jubilees) entered the repertoire in the 1870s, marking the first undeniably black music to be used in minstrelsy. Blackface minstrelsy was the first distinctly American theatrical form. In the 1830s and 1840s, it was at the core of the turn of an American music industry, and for several decades it provided the lens through which white America saw black America. On the one hand, it had strong racist aspects on the other, it afforded white Americans a singular and broad awareness of significant aspects of African American culture.

Innovation at the International Foods Essay

Josh Novak who owns a sm tot aloney comp each c each(prenominal)ed sparkle Foods, suck been selected to be apart of International Foods Group (IFG) squad. IFG Tower was dough landmark and part of the comp any(prenominal)s logo that appeargond at every fibre of food that existed such(prenominal) as cereal box, breakfast meals, nosh foods, etc. in that respect are a lot of differences between illumination Foods, and IFG. In addition, prat Ahern (CIO) would like to add more customers to IFG, merging the both cauterise Foods and IFG. The goal is to attract the youth and young adult markets in IT.Josh was c tot tout ensembleyed to meet up with John Ahern and Tonya (manager of IT merchandise) to talk. They started to talk about baseball police squads, and the weather. Later on, John started to get off to business John summarized that since they took over Glow Foods they completely thought of arranging their processes including IT. They did not see a cogitate to run separat e data centers. They picked a team to transfer all of Glow Foods hardware and software to their corporate systems in a month. in addition change their entire Macs to PCs, train employees on ERP system, and keep a small team to deal with Canadian issues.With that world said, IFGs market their yields to women with children and would like to expand and market their products to youths and young adults. John Ahern chose Josh Novack to armed service grab the youth and young adult customers. in that location is a team that pass on service Josh with this project stationed in Chicago. Josh is now the team manager at IFG and in aid of this project to be implemented and result in success. Six weeks later Josh started he was called to come to Tonyas office to discuss a few things.Since not everyone in the company is encouraging there result be approximately serious obstacles to drown that go out need to be discussed and that is both within the IT and the larger company. Tonya will assist Josh the crush way she laughingstock when it comes to resources, support and to help place Joshs innovative conceits together. Some serious obstacles that were discussed are expectations, and appearance. There is a chance that IFG may have different expectations than Glow Foods. Usually, employers hire nation found on their skills, interviews, eferences, and presentation. Employers expect them that they are being honest about the type of individual that they are, and they want to work for them. Each boss that a person will have all have different expectations to their employees, as they all have different management style, rules, and personality. In reality, there are also expectations of the general work that a person will do, the environment in which they will be working at and the way that they will be interacting with others in workplace. (CITE)Through experience and research there are honey oil expectations that companies would like their employees to meet. Comm on expectations are being on cartridge holder to schedule work, following supervisors directions, opposeing a positive attitude at all cadences, treat everyone around you with respect, being responsible, and doing your roles. These expectations are usually told to all employees or kept to themselves knowing. Meeting the companys expectations will help people progress in the company. With all employees meeting expectations, this will maintain the company be successful. CITE) The second part of the serious obstacle to overcome is appearance. Tonya stated that Josh may find that he will get a better response to his ideas if he looks a bit more professional. Just like expectations all companies have their own set of rules when it comes to binding for work and kitty be called uniform. Just like police officers have uniforms, so once you see a police officer you will it is a police officer by appearance. Also when we see people with suits and tie we normally think that they are CEOs, CIOs, or Managers.With appearance, an employee can conglomerateed more respect from co workers, build self confidence, and also can lead to opportunities. (CITE) Josh can win support for his teams three point proposal to use technology to help IFGs reach its customers by doing a test to all three ideas and documenting measuring rod by step progress and results. In addition, writing a adventure evaluation and analysis will help back up any questions that CIO, and CTO may have (John and squirm). Also, a business case should already be in place as well as budget with the technologies postulate on both ends, whether the three point plan works or not.Having all of the information in hand will help the team gain some support. Also, think of all of the questions that both John and Rick will ask and look for and include the answers into the plan. This will help gain John and Ricks support because the ideas were well thought of. Of course, the team will not be able to think off all the questions that John and Rick may have in mind just it will help. In addition, making sure that all the business necessitate and requirements are met.This is important because it will make the three point plan strong and will help gain support for the team. Here are some ideas that can help each idea gain some support for team. First idea is connecting directly with customers about new product development ideas through an interactive web site with real time response from internal staff. Outlining the cost for this, the number of staff that will be needed for real time response will help, and who will be responsible for the creation of the web site. Also, have the completed GUI or interface of the website ready to show.It looks like this is going to be a 24 hour support, since it is real time response, there should be some guidelines and readying needed for the employees that will be assisting and in charge of the real time response to customers. With this being said, listing all possible risk of infection with extenuation actions, and basically writing a risk analysis just for this idea. wondrous customer service will continue to keep coming back. flake idea is to reach out to different communities and gain insights into their needs and interests. With this idea, an edifying survey would help.Outlining all questions and possible answers to help guide future market plans. Also, having a set schedule of how this reaching out to people would be implemented for example, knowing what location, what employees will assist, is this web based survey (if so, how will customers be notified), etc. these are a few questions that can help marketing. In addition, flyers, and advertisements at locations where youths hang out the most, and/or events that are be the most by young adults. Also, knowing what is next after hookup information and/or knowing the results will help the team.Third idea is to implement these and all of the ideas on the cloud. Now, with this id ea, there should be another risk analysis. Putting information on the cloud involves a lot of gage issues, but also has an advantage to companies. With technology booming every second, a lot of companies are putting their information on the cloud. Listing all possible security issues and how it can be solved will help. penetrating all of the details about the cloud, any credentials that are needed, any firewall rules, monitoring ports, and traffic will help this idea.In conclusion, in my thought process integrating IT into marketing is an innovative idea. Nowadays, everything includes or involves IT whether it is financial department, or marketing department. Information technology is embedded in modern marketing jobs. There are IT tools used everyday by marketing personnel such as blogs, email communication, CRM systems, power point presentations, websites, social medias to name a few. Over all without these IT tools, it will be hard to keep marketing updated and to continue to maintain and gain customers. Using these IT tools help the company markets successful.

What Is the Relationship of the Four Noble Truths to the Eightfold Path?

What is the relationship of the Four impressive truths to the Eightfold path? The meat of Buddhist teaching is found in the Four Noble Truths. These truths are what Siddhartha Gautama became enlightened about when he became the buddha or enlightened 1. These truths are divided up by whole the assorted groups, schools of thought and divisions within Buddhism. The Four Noble Truths are 1. the truth of miser satisfactory life involves suffering or dissatisfaction. counter fit the most privileged lives involve suffering or dissatisfaction of some sort. 2. he truth of commit suffering is caused by desire, specific solelyy unenlightened desire 3. the truth of the cessation of desire when unenlightened desire is ceased or eliminated from life, suffering ceases as well 4. the truth of the 8-fold path desire is enlightened through and through in force(p) speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, right concentration, right lowstanding and right re solve The Four Noble Truths support the third estate characterization of the Buddha as a doctor or healer. He assesses the lifes condition, makes a diagnosis, and provides a prescription for the cure.Life involves suffering, even for those who lead privileged lives. hopeless subjects happen, people get sick, loved ones die, things dont go as planned, and so on. How does Buddhism explicate karma and reincarnation without a someone? Karma is the concept that the individuals actions determine his fate, whether in this or in a future life, and that every action has to be match in some way. By doing certain actions, certain energies are preen in motion, which bring certain effects. It is a way to restore balance in the Universe, and is non punishment for ones actins.Reincarnation is the rebirth of the intellect in a new body, while Karma affects the new body and determines the circumstances into which it is born. both of them can explain a lot of things in each ones life. A life of comfort and success means that the person performed good full treatment in a previous life, and a life of difficulties, failure and adversities is a retribution for blackball past actions. It is said that it is the soul that reincarnates, but what is the soul? This is an ambiguous term. If someone says, my soul reincarnates or my soul is eternal, he is actually saying that thither are two ifferent entities. There is he, and there is his soul, which means that he is not the soul. Forgive me for the comparison, but it is like saying, I have a pair of shoes, I have a car and I have a soul. It is regarded as a possession. This means that it is possible to be with a soul and without a soul. Does this sound reasonable to you? If a soul is a possession, hence who is the owner? This owner must be more important whence the soul people encounter different situations and live in different circumstances, deep within all are indivisible part of the aforesaid(prenominal) One Spirit.This Spirit is not touched or affected by situations or circumstances. It means that from the viewpoint of the Spirit, karma and reincarnation are illusory. When one is able to realize this understanding on a deep level, one goes beyond karma and reincarnation. When the Consciousness of the Spirit is awakened, through concentration and meditation, one realizes that he is an integral part of the eternal and undivided Spirit. He experiences a spiritual Awakening, and then both reincarnation and karma lose their meaning, power and reality.What is a Bodhisattva? The news program bodhisattva means enlightenment being. Very simply, bodhisattvas are beings who work for the enlightenment of all beings, not just themselves. They vow not to enter Nirvana until all beings enter Nirvana together. A BODHISATTVA IS an ordinary person who takes up a course in his or her life that moves in the direction of buddha. Youre a bodhisattva, Im a bodhisattva actually, anyone who directs their attention, thei r life, to practicing the way of life of a buddha is a bodhisattvaView one of the following videos and give a succinct report on its substance in relationship to Buddhism Enlightenment Guaranteed (German film), Babettes Feast, the Matrix, The Little Buddha, What the bleep do we know, woodchuck Day, or the Zen film, Woman of the Dunes. The Little Buddha Little Buddha is an enjoyable, at propagation powerful, and ultimately highly entertaining movie. Of course, there are quite a few movies today that can likewise be called entertaining, but they practically achieve this with a combination of sex, violence and (admittedly) amazing special effects.It is archaic to see a movie essentially devoid of such things that not only does entertain you, but also uplifts your spirit and leaves you with a decreed feeling. For me, Little Buddha is also such a movie. However, as I excogitate on the powerful depiction in this movie of Siddarthas transformation into the Buddha under the bodhi tr ee, it seems clear that the powerful force responsible for shaking Siddhartha up and alter him was none other than the unforgiving truth of impermanence. Every living thing must change and ultimately perish. This of course is a disturbing and negative truth.However, this powerful negative truth was transformed into an equally powerful imperative one when he realized that not just he, but that also all living things, even plants and insects, were all suffering from and bound by this same truth. Ultimately, he saw that all life is one. I conceive the Buddhas great compassion developed out of this awareness of universal suffering. In Little Buddha, this truth, though perhaps somewhat obscured by the search for the reincarnated teacher, is stock-still powerfully and unforgettably portrayed. I highly recommend that you see this movie.

Fast Food Essay

Fast victuals is the full term given to food that nookie be prepargond and served precise quickly. While any meal with low cooking time can be considered to be unfaltering food, typically the term refers to food sold in a restaurant or workshop with preheated or precooked ingredients, and served to the customer in a packaged turn for take-out/take-away. The term unfaltering food was recognized in a lexicon by MerriamWebster in 1951.Outlets may be stands or kiosks, which may give up no shelter or s eating, or agile food restaurants (also know as quick service restaurants). Franchise operations which are leave-taking of restaurant set up have standardized foodstuffs shipped to each restaurant from exchange locations. Defination of Fast Food ?Food that can be prepared and served very quickly ?Any meal with low preparation time can be considered ?Food sold with preheated or precooked ingredients.The primary fast food restaurants originated in the United States with A&W i n 1916 and innocence Castle, founded by Billy Ingram and Walter Anderson in Wichita, Kansas in 1921, is generally credited with fountain the second fast food outlet and first hamburger chain, selling hamburgers McDonalds and KFC are multinational corporations with outlets across the globe. The United States has the largest fast food industry in the introduction, and American fast food restaurants are locate in over 100 countries. Approximately 2 million U. S. workers are employed in the areas of food preparation and food servicing including fast food in the USA.Famous Fast Food Brands From America (TOP 10) affiliate http//cuclife. com/famous-brand/Fast-food/list_711_1. html (Photo Use) 1. Burger top executive 2. Burger King 3. Taco Bell 4. Arbys 5. Wendys 6. white-hot Castle 7. Kentucky Fried Chicken 8. Pizza Hut 9. Chick-fil-A 10. underground History of Fast Food Culture Significant Events in the US Fast Food Industry 1916 The first low-cost limited board high-speed hambu rger restaurant called White Castle opens in Wichita KS. 1921 White Castle opens its first restaurant selling hamburgers for 50 cents. 1940 The first McDonalds store Established.1951 The term fast food is recognized in the Merriam-Webster Dictionary. 1967 McDonalds opens its first restaurant outside the United States 1971 The first Starbucks store opens in Seattle 2002 McDonalds cuts back on trans fat on its French hot up by 48%. 2005 McDonalds mascot Ronald ranks 2nd in the top-10 advertising icons of the twentieth century. 2006 According to an estimate, Americans spend nearly $142 billion on fast food. instruction of Fast Food Industry Restaurants have been around in some form for most of human civilization. But they usually catered to travelers.As far-off back as ancient Greece and Rome, inns and taverns generally served food to tidy sum who had a reason to be away from home. This trend continued until relatively recently. Although taverns and chocolate ho substance abuses were popular places to gather and share beverages in the 17th century, the idea of eating out for fun didnt take off in western society until the late 18th century. Although McDonalds was the first restaurant to use the assembly-line system, some people think of White Castle as the first fast-food chain. White Castle was founded in 1921 in Wichita, Kansas.At the time, most people considered the burgers sold at fairs, circuses, lunch counters and carts to be low-quality. Many people vox populi hamburger came from slaughterhouse scraps and spoiled meat. White Castles founders decided to change the publics perception of hamburgers. They built their restaurants so that customers could see the food being prepared. They painted the buildings white and even chose a name that suggested cleanliness. White Castle was most popular in the American East and Midwest, but its success helped give hamburger meat a better reputation nationwide.So, like cars, White Castle played an Copernican part in the development of fast food. The McDonald brothers opened their redesigned restaurant in 1948, and several fast-food chains that exist today opened soon after. Burger King and Taco Bell got their start in the 1950s, and Wendys opened in 1969. Some chains, like Carls Jr. , KFC and Jack in the Box, existed sooner the Speedee Service System, but modified their cooking techniques after its debut. McDonalds, which started it all, is now the worlds largest fast-food chain. According to the National Restaurant Association, American sales of fast food totaled $163.5 billion in 2005. The industry is increment globally as well. Total sales for McDonalds grew 5. 6 percentage in 2005, and the company now has 30,000 franchised stores in more than 120 countries. However, McDonalds and fast food in general does not always place a welcoming reception around the world. McDonalds restaurants have been attacked in several countries, including the United States, China, Belgium, Holland, India , Russia, Sweden and the U. K. Protestors have accused McDonalds and other chains of selling unhealthy food, marketing aggressively to children and undermining local values and culture. yard why the Fast Food Industry can be so Successful ?Cheap ?Fast (Convenience) ?Tasty ?Change in lifestyle (Working Long Hours, Busy Life, Rapid Paces) ? Child-Friendly Atmosphere (E. g. Toys) ?Franchising Scheme (E. g. McDonalds) Variants How the fast food culture in America influence the whole world.

Atom History Essay

An Atom is a basic unit of matter that consists of a dense, central substance surrounded by a cloud of negatively perpetrationd electrons. The Atom was theorized by a man named Democritus of Abdera, Thrace in surrounded by c. a 460 BC ca. 370 B. C. Atom is derived from the Greek word pieceos , which means to be uncuttable. He had a theory that everything is composed of atoms, which he believed that these minuscule objects atomic number 18 indivisible, indestructible and have and always been in motion, had a void that exists betwixt atoms, they atomic number 18 solid, homogeneous, and differ in size, shape, mass, position, arrangement, etc.Democritus identified all of these qualities by using the analogies from our sense experiences. In the early 1800 John Dalton, a meteorologist/ colouration blindness physician, came up with his own atomic theory and The Dalton Model. Even though, the bringing close together of atoms were already proposed by Democritus, his theory was diffe rent in that it had the weight of careful measurements behind it. John Daltons Atomic supposition consisted of these facts All segments are composed of tiny indivisible particles called atoms. Atoms of the corresponding elements are identical. The atoms of any unrivaled element are different from those of any other element.Atoms of different elements potful physically mix together or potty chemically desegregate with one another in simple whole-number ratios to form compounds Chemical reactions communicate when atoms are separated, joined, or rearranged. Atoms of one element, however, are ever changed into atoms of another element as a result of a chemical reaction. Important changes were rewrite from his theory like his atoms are indivisible which is wrong since atoms can be divided into subatomic particles like Protons,Neutrons, and Electrons. Next, is his theory that Atoms of all elements are the same, this is prove wrong by the discovery of isotopes.Lastly, his theory that elements cant be transformed into other elements, which is in addition proven wrong because elements can be changed into other elements through radioactivity. About less than 100 years later on after John Daltons findings, in 1897 Sir Joseph John J. J. Thomson, OM, FRS of big Britain received the 1906 Nobel Prize in Physics for his discovery of the electron and for The Thomsons atomic model. He assumed that the body of an atom is a globular object containing N electrons confined in homogeneous jellylike exclusively relatively massive positive charge distrisolelyion whose total charge cancels that of the N electrons.It was sometimes nicknamed as plum pudding model, because of its features as you can see below. Next great physicist that would step up to the plate and bow over world of Atoms, was The 1st Baron Rutherford of Nelson, also k directlyn as Ernest Rutherford OM, FRS. He was also awarded with a Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1908, just like Thomson did a couple deca des ago, for his investigations of the elements and discovery of the chemistry of radioactive substances. He proposed a model in which the electric charge +Ze in an atom is not distributed over the whole area of the atom but concentrates in a small area.Rutherfords atomic model is well-nigh likely called the Rutherford model or simply Rutherford model of the nuclear atom. It is to be seen to have a black big ball at the circle round as the core group and small red points moving around the magnetic core are electrons as seen below. In a long take out of the Bohr Family line as great physicists the most exemplary member in the authors judgment is Mr. Niels Bohr of Denmark. He took great advice from both great past physicists both J. J. Thomson and Ernest Rutherford. Which also led him to win a Nobel Prize in Physicists in 1922. 1 of his best researches was for his Model of the Atom, commonly named The Bohr Model.In his version of the Model the neutrons and protons invade a dens e central region called the nucleus and the electrons orbit the nucleus much like planets orbiting the Sun. It is sometimes also called the planetary model because he theorized that the attractive gravitational force in a solar governing body and attractive electrical force surrounded by the positively charged nucleus and the negatively charged electrons in the atom are mathematically of the same form. As compared Below. V. S Another Great Austrian physicist in 1926 named Erwin Rudolf Joself horse parsley Schrodinger, also created his own view of Atom.He improved atomic models to a whole other level. Schrodinger used the new quantum theory to write and brighten a mathematical equation describing the location and energy of an electron in a Hydrogen atom. Thus the quantum mechanical model was born. His view of the atom can be seen as layers within layer in cost of the electron shells. While not an accurate physical picture of what is possibility with the electrons, it does allow to be visually grasp an otherwise concept. He says that severally electron shell is made of a number of sub-shells. ( the number of sub-shells in a shell depends on what the shell number is).In a picture it looks like this The last and final physicist in this Atomic Theory is named Sir James Chadwick, CH, FRS, of the United Kingdom. In 1932, Chadwick proved that the atomic nucleus contained a neutral particle which had been proposed more than a decade earlier by Ernest Rutherford but he added the knowledge that it has the same mass as a proton. Now with the Neutron added, the atomic model seemed more complete than ever. The overall charges remained the same, and now there no longer seemed to be a discrepancy between the atomic and the atomic number. Picture exampled below.

Whether Taxation Is The Most Effective Solution To Market Failures

?Discuss whether assessation revenue incomeation is the almost effective solving to grocery failures arising from veto externalities Market failure is when the free grocery store fails to submit an efficient allocation of resources. Negative externalities atomic number 18 the be to a 3rd party of a particular action, and it is where the social cost is greater than the cloak-and-dagger cost. Taxation is a solution to remedy market failure which is arising from forbid externalities. Introducing an indirect appraise, (a tax levied on goods and services), tail end vex a lessening in consumption of the good which produce the banish externalities.An indirect tax can internalise the cost of the negative externality by discourage its production. The government places a tax on producers, which will development their cost of production. This can be shown in a diagram. The increase in costs of production will reduce furnish and therefore shift the put up curve in from S to S1 which results in an increase in worth from P to P1 and a decrease in quantity from Q to Q1. The tax is indicated on the graph as the difference between S and S1. However, the effectiveness of this tax depends on the price elasticity of demand for the product.If the PED is inelastic, consumers will be insensitive to a change in price, so producers whitethorn pass on most of the tax burden to consumers, who will continue to buy the product. The tax nonplus by the government must be equal to the size of the external costs associated with the product, and this is difficult to set especially if the effect is non quantifiable. If the tax was set overly low, it would be ineffective, and if it was set too high, the consumers may stop purchasing it al unneurotic, which may have other(a) undesirable outcomes. The sum of tax granting(a) by the consumer is shown by area A, and the amount paid by producers is shown by area B.Ideally, producers should bear the full cost of the tax , unless goods with inelastic demand may mean that they shift this on to consumers. Where consumers return more, this is a situation where taxation is ineffective at reducing market failure as it has not reduced consumption of goods causing negative externalities. A reason why indirect taxation may be effective in correcting market failure is that the policy will generate revenue for the government. The revenue collected will be greater if the tax is set on inelastic goods because this means that consumers will pay for them regardless of an increase in price.Also, the revenue gathered from the tax can be used to fund schemes to reduce consumption of the product, for example, educating the younger people on the negative effects of an action. The revenue could also be used to correct the market failure by minimising the effect on the third parties. another(prenominal) way of dealing with negative externalities is government legislation to correct the market failure. Placing restric tions on demerit goods, (their consumption is more harmful than realised), can champion to reduce market failure as it is their use that often leads to negative externalities arising.Legislation can be effective, but it takes a long time to employ and can also be costly. Overall, introduction of an indirect tax can reduce market failure which arises from negative externalities. The reduction in supply that results from the tax increases the price and decreases the quantity, which causes a shift along the demand curve. This increase in price may deter consumers from purchasing the good. However, it is difficult to set the correct amount of tax on the good, because often, the negative effects are not quantifiable, and their value must be judged.It is important that the level of tax is just right, because if it is set too low, it will be ineffective, and if set too high, consumers may completely stop purchasing it, which may have other undesirable effects. The producer must pay the greater proportion of the tax, but if the demand for the product is inelastic, they may shift this on to consumers, who will pay for it regardless of the price. On its own, taxation may not be the most effective way of correcting market failure arising from negative externalities, but together with legislation, may provide to be more effective..

Spar Applied Systems (A): Organizational Change and Team Management

Everybody is familiar with the banality that the only constant in this world is shift. In todays fast-evolving environment, people attempt to manage change in their everyday lives, eyesight its potential and enormous benefits. For business disposals managing change has become an consequential issueline to achieve competitive advantage and to position oneself on top of the competition. angiotensin-converting enzyme of the critical success factors in managing organisational change is squadbuilding.In the case case Spar employ Systems (A), Laura Erskine covers the issue of groupbuilding, employee participation, presidential termal change and change management. Specifically, Erskine presents the plight of Stephen Miller, Spar Applied Systems General Manager, who is confronting a major project overrun. The team began piece of working on their project in 1994. After two years, however, in their presentation of the projected budget and schedule to the executives, Miller was ama zed to sock that there was a potential $1 million overspend in order to satisfy their contract.Originally, the budget was $3. 5 million, $2. 5 million of which was shoulder by the company. When Miller questioned the team members during the presentation about the overrun and overspend, he was surprised that the team could not respond. The case study first tackles the organizational change initiatives and management at Spar Applied Systems. In 1992, Jason Rigney conduct the successful merging of Spar Defense and Leigh Instruments. Through his leadership, contracts were stabilized and Applied Systems was founded.However, the environment was beginning to become more and more competitive, and the competition came from large-scale, super flexible, and vertical integrated firms who had gone global. When Miller joined the Applied Systems Groups, he was greeted by a hierarchical organization, people with precise position descriptions, and activities direct at completing programs on a cost -plus basis. As a change facilitator, Miller wanted to (1) dramatically change ASG culture, (2) facilitate the variation to make money for more than six consecutive months, and (3) design and mechanism a global long-term strategy.Miller clearly approached his strategies using the trans work onational change framework. Basically, varyational change occurs unambiguously at the level of the organization. Transformational change is usually considered as a subset of strategic change. It can be argued that transformational change is a particular form of strategic change and radical in its impact. It involves a complete rethinking of how the organization is structured and managed, and a rejection of the norms and practices of the larger environment in which the organization operates.In such(prenominal) change, instead of conforming to procedures practices defined by prevailing rationalized concepts of organizational work and institutionalized in society, the organization redefines itsel f independently of those policies and procedures. However, while Millers management of the organizational change had provided enormous benefits to Applied Systems, many employees go away the organization and those who stayed did not fully endorse the new structures and systems. The new organization is also characterized partly by resistance.This failure is reflected in the relationships within the Avionics 2000 coordinated Program squad (IPT). For example, IPT members had difficulty going along with their leader, Mike Ellis. Team members were also having problems in participating in team skills training sessions. many another(prenominal) of them preferred the old system.In addition, they found planning and scheduling activities very challenging. In general, the case study suggests that the organizational change at Applied Systems failed to transform the organizational culture, as evidenced by people who do not fully support (some others resist) the new system and structure.The c ase study provides important insights how to effectively manage change, engage people, build a team, and carry out a project. In the end, Miller might want to change the IPT leadership. What the team needs to complete the project is a competent, transparent, and prepared leadership graphic symbol Erskine, L. (2002). Spar Applied Systems (A). In G. H. Seijts (ed. ), Cases in Organizational Behavior, pp. 132-142. New York Sage.

Neighbourhood watch research study

Aim of direct Lethbridge, a clear suburb has implemented a sm only area enamor design. The study aims at examining the impact of the program on volumes of complaints about dupeization, apprehension of horror, and deviant behavior or unsociable acts such as graffiti or disorderly behavior that social movement trouble in the topical anaesthetic neighbourhoodScope of Research study The explore study on area watch entrust proceed along the following steps.Prompt prudence to problems of the study.Personal contact with company leaders and constabulary executives involved in study Data collection by survey, observation, inspection and examination easy interviews with local residents Drafting questionnaire and schedules Pre-testing questionnaires and schedulesExamination of results of pre-tests to detect and eliminate inconsistencies Drafting rewrite final questionnaires Outlining theme interviews Analyzing collected data Drafting of final spread over Source of research design This research design has been inspired by the Design used by Samuel Stouffer in his studies of the Ameri bay window Soldier. It is a identification number design, which is at once practical for applied research as s healthy up as rigorous to scientific prescription.Progress of research-The problem under research was identified- whether the Neighborhood watch program has take to a decline in complaints of victimization and worry of curse, unsocial acts and suspicious behavior that may cause annoyance or alarm to the local residents. A systematic abbreviation of the problems involved study of abuse figures and public perceptions of the sentience of security forwards and after commencement of the program, evaluating the extent and application of residential area mobilisation and sensitization, checking of credential relating to actual implementation, assessment of the quality of collaboration among local residents and the integration of the waver police into the pr ogram.Neighborhood watch being one of the acknowledged strategies in lodge of interests policing, the study would excessively consider if execration measure and new(prenominal)wise objectives of the program could have been better achieved if likeness watch was combined with other strategies commonly adopted in the familiarity policing paradigm.To make the study academically meaningful and empirically sound, community leaders and beat officers were interviewed to elicit authorized information like public perception of the sense of security in the local neighborhood and to collect figures of subjected horror as well as victimization before and after program, extent of community participation, constitution of abuse prevention strategies such as target harden by meaning of physical measures as well as by community mobilization to upraise social coherence, the employment of other location circumstantial tactics if any etc Collection of Data on the fear of crime includin g a) complaints on crime, suspicious activities reported, deviant behavior b) Any Increase/ pass in complaints over a period d) No of race enrolled neighborhood watch scheme e) Partnerships with other resident associationsIn dinner dress interview with people concerned- Interview with citizens will unfold information on the motivation, faculty and success of the Neighborhood watch program. Particular emphasis on whether collaborative parturiencys to promote safety in the neighborhood has lead also to a sense of ownership of the neighborhood by all individual residents and the creation of a community of interests despite the heterogeneous nature of the community. Also how community mobilization and cooperative crime prevention efforts promote social cohesion, which in contort brings about understanding local problems that ultimately lead to crime.A Questionnaire and document can be designed and distributed in separately target home. It will contain questions on fear of crime, the level of security enjoyed by them, on their awareness of psychological or other criminogenic incidentors that contribute to crime, deviance or antisocial tendencies among the young, shared out values on the objectives and methodology of community crime prevention, perceptions on problems that confront the Neighboutrhood Watch program, any areas that study reform and community evaluation of the success of the programA pre-testing drive of questionnaires and schedules can be undertaken. The results of the Pretest can be examined and scrutinized to check for inconsistencies or errors. A thoroughly rewrite and final questionnaire can be devised and distributed. Results of field interviews may be outlined. serene Data maybe analyzed.A final report is presented. The results should indicate absolute impact of Neighborhood watch programs on cut crime and the fear of crime in this area. Theoretical background of the Studya) Effective crime prevention is achieved not by policing w holly, but done the cooperative effort of the community ground on a mature understanding of the contributory factors of crime. The community in this context is the local neighborhood that has a park of interests in prevention of crime and in enhancing the sense of security of all local residents. If the community is seemlyly mobilized and educated, it can evolve joint and collaborative strategies that can break the crime triangle- the victim, the wrongdoer and the location- at a commensurate point. Neighborhood watch is one such scheme.b) The Study assumes that the best representation to enlist Community collaboration in reducing crime is through two means-1) Physical Means- This is called as Target Hardening in which from each one home is assessed for its vulnerability to victimization and measures are designed to deter the offender from gaining easy access to the potential victim.This can be most potently attempted at the stage of planning construction and if this has not been possible, indeed through suitable modification of existing structure. Target hardening can be more effective if, in addition to physical restructuring, the present(prenominal) neighbors undertake to keep a watch on the potential victims premises and access points in order to detect and report any suspicious activity to the police promptly.c) The Study upgrade speak on the less obvious conjecture hat that target hardening through physical measures can be most effectively supplemented by eliminating alienation and anonymity in the local neighborhood by means of community mobilization and social cohesion.This is because when local residents come together in a spirit of fraternity and mutual support, they are able to listen more clearly criminogenic factors, whether on account of deviation or neighborhood decline and disorder. It is then possible to identify local problems of petty annoyance or disorderly behavior that when neglected ultimately lead to crime and to devise effective strategies to find suitable solutions through a subroutine of constant consultation and consensus.d) The Study also assumes that today the idea gaining bullion is that prevention of crime-especially crime involving neighborhoods is a responsibility that moldiness be shared by the Police as well as the citizens in a spirit of partnership. The police has traditionally promoted the idea that they are exclusively prudent for crime control and that the community has no role whatever in the matter. The community on its part seldom understands or appreciates that factors that cause crime such as poverty or psychological aberration is beyond the capacity of the police to control.As a result crime prevention strategies in the past placed besides much reliance on the police agency as crime fighters. Sociological research and field experiments conducted in the USA during the 1970s clearly brought out the fact that an maturation in police presence hardly ever led to a decline in crime stringent enforcement at best led to displacement.On the other hand, foot patrol, which brought the police and the community closer, did in fact have a positive impact in reducing crime and the fear of crime in the community. Neighborhood watch as an effective crime prevention strategy evolved from the important identification that the police exclusively cannot solve the problems of crime and disorder and that the community is the best resource for coercive crime.The community policing philosophy that has changed the profile of policing in legion(predicate) democratic countries has emerged from this realization of the role of community participation in policing efforts and its partnership with the police in identifying local problems that lead to crime and in devising effective solutions for local problems.e) The Study also takes note of the fact that field experiments conducted in many States and cities in the USA demonstrate that not only police strong suit in controll ing crime is enhanced by community policing strategies such as neighborhood watch, they also help the police to earn authenticity from the community, that is qualitatively different from legitimacy accorded by law alone. The police also therefore stand to gain such strategies of crime prevention undertaken in partnership with the community.Findings and recommendations For crime control society has traditionally relied on formal police organizations and their time-honored practices of deterrence such as random patrol, disruptive response, strong armed enforcement represented by terms such as zero tolerance and investigation and prosecution of offenders. But police ineffectualness and police inadequacy in dealing with crime have been sufficiently well documented.Community policing that has replaced the traditional enforcement style of policing is based on the assumption that the police need to develop positive relations with the community, involve the community in the quest for crim e control and crime prevention and further pool their resources with those of the community to address the most pressing concerns of its members. The police strategy is adapted to fit the needs of particular neighborhoods and neighborhood watch happens to be one that suits most communities, once they have been properly mobilized and educated.The Study has been based on the assumptions of the community policing paradigm and has relied upon the responses of members of the community which is the local neighborhood in this case and empirical data collected through official police sources to develop a reliable understanding of the impact of neighborhood watch on important concerns of the community such as crime and the fear of crime and victimization, neighborhood decline and disorder and the lack of social cohesion that results from a fear of crime and distrust of others.Though the program alone will not be capable of eliminating crime and disorder whole by itself, the Study amply demo nstrates that in combination with other strategies of community policing it can go a long way in reducing crime and the fear of crime and additionally bring about great social cohesion.The Study however shows that there are certain tokenish conditions for mobilizing a local neighborhood for effective participation and collaboration in crime prevention work. First of all, people must understand the need to cooperate is vital from the point of common security. People must also come to believe that there are solutions to the problems of insecurity that they confront each day and solutions must be such that they can comprehend. People must also be able to develop faith in the efficacy of the new method.These are conditions that are not easy to fulfill, but if the proper police leadership takes up the challenge of mobilizing and educating the community, it should not be too difficult a task as several experiments have shown in many parts of the world. Neighborhood watch is moreover a very(prenominal) visible and demonstrable strategy that can earn trust and credibility if it is properly managed. The Study therefore shows that neighborhood watch is a program full of potential and promise if motivated leadership of the police and the local community initiates itREFERENCES-1.Bucqueroux and Trojanowicz 1990 Community Policing- A contemporary perspective Anderson publishing Co. Cincinnati.2. Bayley, David H.1998 What full treatment in Policing Oxford University Press3.FriedMann, Robert.R 1992 Community Policing Harvester wheat Sheaf.4. Goldstein H.1977 Policing a forego society Ballinger publishing.5. Manning K.1978 Policing- A view from the Street- Goodyear Publishing co.6.Rosenbaum Dennis P.1994 The Challenge of community Policing Sage.

Air Water Soil Noise Pollution Essay

Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into an surround that ca habits instability, disorder, harm or discomfort to the eco remains i. e. forcible systems or liveness organisms. Pollution crapper top the variation of chemical substances or energy, such as noise, heat, or light. Pollutants, the elements of contamination, toilet be foreign substances or energies, or intrinsicly occurring when innately occurring, they ar considered contaminants when they exceed natural levels. Pollution became a popular issue afterward World War II, due to radioactive fallout from atomic war and testing.Then a non-nuclear event, The enormous Smog of 1952 in London, depleteed at least 4000 people. This prompted rough of the first major(ip) modern environmental legislation, The Clean send finish Act of 1956. striving contaminant Air befoulment is the introduction of chemicals, particulate matter, or biological materials that cause harm or discomfort to gay or other living or ganisms, or prices the natural environment into the automatic teller machine. The atmosphere is a complex dynamic natural foul upeous system that is essential to support liveliness on planet Earth.Stratospheric ozone depletion due to product line contamination has long been recognized as a threat to man health as well as to the Earths ecosystems. Pollutants An agate line pollutant is known as a substance in the channelize that gouge cause harm to existence and the environment. Pollutants can be in the variate of solid p names, liquid droplets, or gases. In summing up, they may be natural or man-made. Pollutants can be classified as either elementary or secondary. Usually, primary pollutants atomic number 18 substances directly emitted from a process, such as ash from a volcanic eruption, the carbon monoxide gas from a force back vehicle exhaust or reciprocal ohm dioxide released from factories.Secondary pollutants be not emitted directly. Rather, they form in the a ir when primary pollutants react or interact. An central example of a secondary pollutant is ground level ozone one of the many secondary pollutants that make up photochemical smog. Major primary pollutants produced by human activity complicate Sulfur oxides (SOx) peculiarly sulfur dioxide, a chemical compound with the formula SO2. SO2 is produced by volcanoes and in various industrial processes. Since coal and petroleum often contain sulfur compounds, their combustion generates sulfur dioxide.Further oxidation of SO2, usually in the presence of a accelerator pedal such as NO2, forms H2SO4, and thus acid rain. 2 This is one of the causes for concern oer the environmental impact of the use of these cans as power sources. nitrogen oxides (NOx) especially nitrogen dioxide are emitted from high temperature combustion. Can be seen as the chocolate-brown haze dome above or plume downwind of cities. Nitrogen dioxide is the chemical compound with the formula NO2. It is one of th e several nitrogen oxides. This genus Sepia toxic gas has a characteristic sharp, biting odor. NO2 is one of the nigh prominent air pollutants.Carbon monoxide is a colourless, odourless, non-irritating but very vicious gas. It is a product by incomplete combustion of fuel such as natural gas, coal or wood. Vehicular exhaust is a major source of carbon monoxide. Carbon dioxide (CO2) a greenhouse gas emitted from combustion but is too a gas vital to living organisms. It is a natural gas in the atmosphere. Odors such as from garbage, sewage, and industrial processes Radioactive pollutants produced by nuclear explosions, war explosives, and natural processes such as the radioactive decay of radon.Secondary pollutants includeParticulate matter create from gaseous primary pollutants and compounds in photochemical smog. Smog is a tolerant of air pollution the word smog is a portmanteau of potty and fog. Classic smog results from vast amounts of coal burning in an bailiwick cau sed by a change integrityture of smoke and sulfur dioxide. Modern smog does not usually come from coal but from vehicular and industrial emissions that are acted on in the atmosphere by sunlight to form secondary pollutants that also combine with the primary emissions to form photochemical smog. account level ozone (O3) formed from NOx and VOCs.Ozone (O3) is a key dower of the troposphere (it is also an important constituent of certain regions of the stratosphere comm only known as the Ozone layer). photochemical and chemical reactions involving it drive many of the chemical processes that occur in the atmosphere by day and by night. At abnormally high parsimonys brought round by human activities (largely the combustion of fossil fuel), it is a pollutant, and a constituent of smog. Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) similarly formed from NOx and VOCs. Minor air pollutants include A large number of minor chanceous air pollutants. several(prenominal) of these are regulated in USA under the Clean Air Act and in Europe under the Air Framework transferive. A novelty of persistent organic pollutants, which can attach to particulate matter. immovable organic pollutants (POPs) are organic compounds that are resistant to environmental adulteration through chemical, biological, and photolytic processes. Because of this, they wipe out been observed to persist in the environment, to be exposed of long- draw transport, bioaccumulate in human and animal tissue, biomagnify in food chains, and to have electric potential significant impacts on human health and the environment.Health make of Air Pollution The World Health Organization states that 2. 4 one thousand thousand people die each year from causes directly attributable to air pollution, with 1. 5 million of these deaths attributable to indoor air pollution. Worldwide much deaths per year are linked to air pollution than to automobile accidents. Direct causes of air pollution related deaths include aggravated ast hma, bronchitis, emphysema, lung and heart diseases, and respiratory allergies. The worst short term civilian pollution crisis in India was the 1984 Bhopal Disaster.Leaked industrial vapors from the Union Carbide factory, belonging to Union Carbide, Inc. , U. S. A. , killed more than than 2,000 people right away and injured anywhere from 150,000 to 600,000 others, some 6,000 of whom would later die from their injuries. The United acres suffered its worst air pollution event when the December 4 Great Smog of 1952 formed over London. In six days more than 4,000 died, and 8,000 more died within the following months wet supply pollution Water pollution is the contamination of peeing bodies (e. g. lakes, rivers, oceans, ground water).Water pollution affects workss and organisms living in these bodies of water and, in almost all cases the effect is damaging not only to individual species and populations, but also to the natural biological communities. Water pollution occurs when p ollutants are discharged directly or indirectly into water bodies without tolerable treatment to remove harmful compounds. Causes of water pollution The specific contaminants in the lead to pollution in water include a wide spectrum of chemicals, pathogens, and physical or sensory changes such as elevated temperature and discoloration.While many of the chemicals and substances that are regulated may be naturally occurring (calcium, sodium, iron, manganese, etc. ) the concentration is often the key in determining what is a natural particle of water, and what is a contaminant. Oxygen-depleting substances may be natural materials, such as comprise matter (e. g. leaves and grass) as well as man-made chemicals. Other natural and anthropogenic substances may cause turbidity (cloudiness) which blocks light and disrupts plant growth, and clogs the gills of some fish species.Many of the chemical substances are toxic. Pathogens can produce waterborne diseases in either human or animal hos ts. Effects of Water Pollution Water pollution is a major problem in the global context An estimated 700 million Indians have no access to a proper toilet, and 1,000 Indian children die of diarrheal unwellness every day. around 90% of Chinas cities suffer from some degree of water pollution, and nearly 500 million people lack access to base hit drinking water. Chemical and other contaminantsOrganic water pollutants include Detergents Disinfection by-products put up in chemically disinfected drinking water, such as chloroform pabulum impact waste, which can include oxygen-demanding substances, fats and grease Insecticides and herbicides, a huge range of organohalides and other chemical compounds Petroleum hydrocarbons, including fuels (gasoline, diesel fuel, jet fuels, and fuel oil) and lubricants (motor oil), and fuel combustion byproducts, from stormwater runoff15 Tree and bush debris from logging operations vapourisable organic compounds (VOCs), such as industrial solvents, f rom improper storage. Chlorinated solvents, which are leaden non-aqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs), may fall to the bottom of reservoirs, since they dont mix well with water and are denser. Various chemical compounds embed in soulal hygiene and cosmetic products Inorganic water pollutants include sullenness caused by industrial discharges (especially sulfur dioxide from power plants) Ammonia from food processing waste Chemical waste as industrial by-productsFertilizers containing nutrientsnitrates and phosphateswhich are found in stormwater runoff from agriculture, as well as commercial and residential use15 Heavy metals from motor vehicles (via urban stormwater runoff)1516 and acid mine drainage silt up (sediment) in runoff from construction sites, logging, slash and burn practices or land clearing sites Land pollution Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Land pollution is the degradation of Eart hs land surfaces often caused by human activities and their misuse of land resources. It occurs when waste is not disposed properly. Health hazard disposal of urban and industrial wastes, exploitation of minerals, and improper use of shit by inadequate agricultural practices are a few factors. urbanization and industrialization are major causes of land pollution. Increased mechanization The major increase in the concentration of population in cities, along with the knowledgeable combustion engine, led to the increased number of roads and all the below structure that goes with them.Roads cause visual, noise, light, air and water pollution, in addition to land pollution. The visual and noise areas are obvious, however light pollution is becoming more widely recognized as a problem. From out space, large cities can be picked out at night by the glow of their lighting, so city dwellers seldom experience total darkness. As the demand for food has grown very high, there is an increas e in field size and mechanization. The increase in field size makes t economically viable for the farmer but results in loss of person and shelter for wildlife, as hedgerows and copses disappear. When crops are harvested, the naked soil is left cleared to wind after the heavy machinery has compacted it. Another consequence of more intensive agriculture is the move to monoculture. This is unnatural, it depletes the soil of nutrients, allows diseases and pests to spread and, in short, brings into play the use of chemical substances foreign to the environment. A pesticide is a substance or categorisation of substances used to kill a pest.A pesticide may be a chemical substance, biological agent (such as a virus or bacteria), antimicrobial, disinfectant or device used against any pest. Pests include insects, plant pathogens, weeds, mollusks, birds, mammals, fish, nematodes (roundworms) and microbes that compete with humans for food, destroy property, spread or are a vector for disease or cause a nuisance. Although there are benefits to the use of pesticides, there are also drawbacks, such as potential toxicity to humans and other organisms. Pesticides are used to control organisms which are considered harmful.For example, they are used to kill mosquitoes that can transmit many potentially deadly diseases like west Nile virus, yellow fever, and malaria disease. They can also kill bees, wasps or ants that can cause allergic reactions. Insecticides can protect animals from illnesses that can be caused by parasites such as fleas. Pesticides can prevent sickness in humans that could be caused by moldy food or diseased produce. Mining Modern mining projects leave behind stop communities, damages landscapes, and polluted water.Mining also affects ground and surface waters, the aquatic life, vegetation, soils, animals, and the human health. Acid mine drainage can cause damage to streams which in return can kill aquatic life. The vast variety of toxic chemicals released by mining activities can harm animals and aquatic life as well as their habitat. The average mine disturbs over a thousand acres of land. Construction See the bodies of water. doing this, natural water filters are damaged. Natural water filters help break down many pollutants in front they reach other water bodies.Some that may run off with water and sediments from construction sites are oils, debris, and paint. This can cause damage to soil, aquatic life, and promote hazardous chemicals to get into drinking water. Effects A large percentage of material that is dumped into waters not only destroys habitats for animals but for humans as well. Below is a list of some impacts of land pollution. on that point are some habitats, where aquatic animals feed and live, so there is a risk of destruction of habitat of aquatic animals.Reduced oxygen levels from bunkum of organic material dumped from drains. Reduced light penetration in the water column, from sediments and excessive algal gr owth, leading to oxygen depleted water. *Massively changed run away regimes, large fast flows can scour existing habitat and swoosh species downstream. Increased human health risks, from syringes, broken glass and cans washing onto brook banks and beaches. Reduced aesthetic appeal of areas from litter strewn on banks and beaches, thus bring down recreation and tourist appeal. Acid rain damages trees and other plants.